CD38 Inhibitors

CD38 inhibitors represent a distinct category of compounds designed to modulate the activity of the CD38 enzyme. CD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily known for its role in mediating the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) into cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), both of which play essential roles in cellular signaling pathways. By inhibiting the function of CD38, these compounds aim to impact the regulation of calcium homeostasis, immune responses, and other cellular processes that rely on the precise control of NAD+-derived signaling molecules. The design of CD38 inhibitors involves targeting specific binding sites within the enzyme's active domain, allowing these compounds to interfere with the catalytic activity of CD38. This inhibition of CD38's enzymatic function can influence the production of cADPR and NAADP, which subsequently affect calcium release from intracellular stores and modulate various signaling cascades. The exploration of CD38 inhibitors stems from the desire to dissect the intricate role of NAD+-derived signaling molecules in cellular physiology and their involvement in fundamental processes such as cell differentiation, immune responses, and cellular communication. By manipulating CD38 activity through these inhibitors, researchers gain valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of cellular signaling networks and uncover strategies to regulate cellular responses and maintain cellular homeostasis.