BTNL2 Activators
BTNL2 activators comprise a diverse group of chemical compounds that enhance the activity of the BTNL2 protein through various intracellular signaling pathways. Forskolin, Rolipram, PGE2, IBMX, and Amrinone function by increasing intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, either through direct stimulation of adenylyl cyclase or inhibition of phosphodiesterase enzymes that degrade cAMP. The increased cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which in turn can phosphorylate transcription factors, leading to upregulated BTNL2 expression and activity. Similarly, the actions of Epinephrine and Histamine on their respective receptors, as well as Dopamine through D1-like receptors, culminate in increased cAMP levels, further potentiating PKA activity and enhancing the function of BTNL2.
Another set of BTNL2 activators operates through the modulation of cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels. L-Arginine serves as a precursor for nitric oxide, which can activate guanylate cyclase to increase cGMP, potentially influencing transcriptional activities that include BTNL2 activity enhancement. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as Sildenafil and Vardenafil increase cGMP levels by preventing its degradation, which can have secondary effects on gene expression, including the upregulation of BTNL2. ANP binds to natriuretic peptide receptors that activateguanylate cyclase, leading to cGMP production and could indirectly enhance BTNL2 expression and activity through cGMP-dependent signaling pathways.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cAMP levels within the cell. Elevated cAMP enhances protein kinase A (PKA) activity, which can phosphorylate transcription factors to upregulate BTNL2 expression and activity. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $77.00 $216.00 | 18 | |
Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, increases intracellular cAMP by preventing its degradation, thereby enhancing PKA activity which, in turn, can enhance BTNL2 function through increased transcription factor phosphorylation and upregulation. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
Binds to EP2/EP4 receptors and activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels. This cascade can result in enhanced BTNL2 activity through the same mechanism as Forskolin by PKA-mediated signaling. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
A non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, elevates cAMP by preventing its degradation, leading to activation of PKA and potential upregulation of BTNL2 expression and function. | ||||||
L-Arginine | 74-79-3 | sc-391657B sc-391657 sc-391657A sc-391657C sc-391657D | 5 g 25 g 100 g 500 g 1 kg | $20.00 $31.00 $61.00 $219.00 $352.00 | 2 | |
Precursor for nitric oxide synthesis, which can activate guanylate cyclase and increase cGMP levels. While typically associated with smooth muscle relaxation, cGMP can also influence transcriptional regulation, potentially enhancing BTNL2 activity. | ||||||
(−)-Epinephrine | 51-43-4 | sc-205674 sc-205674A sc-205674B sc-205674C sc-205674D | 1 g 5 g 10 g 100 g 1 kg | $41.00 $104.00 $201.00 $1774.00 $16500.00 | ||
Activates adrenergic receptors, particularly β-adrenergic receptors which stimulate adenylyl cyclase, resulting in increased cAMP and activation of PKA, potentially leading to enhanced BTNL2 activity. | ||||||
Histamine, free base | 51-45-6 | sc-204000 sc-204000A sc-204000B | 1 g 5 g 25 g | $94.00 $283.00 $988.00 | 7 | |
Through its action on H2 receptors, histamine can increase cAMP production, thereby activating PKA and potentially influencing the expression and function of BTNL2. | ||||||
Dopamine | 51-61-6 | sc-507336 | 1 g | $290.00 | ||
Activates dopamine receptors, specifically D1-like receptors which are coupled to adenylyl cyclase, promoting cAMP synthesis, PKA activation, and subsequent potential upregulation of BTNL2. | ||||||
Vardenafil | 224785-90-4 | sc-362054 sc-362054A sc-362054B | 100 mg 1 g 50 g | $526.00 $735.00 $16653.00 | 7 | |
Another PDE5 inhibitor that increases cGMP levels, potentially leading to enhanced BTNL2 expression and activity through similar mechanisms as Sildenafil. | ||||||
Amrinone | 60719-84-8 | sc-207288 | 1 g | $193.00 | ||
Inhibits PDE3, leading to increased cAMP levels which can augment PKA activity and might lead to increased BTNL2 function due to amplified transcription factor activation. | ||||||