BPDE-DNA Inhibitors

BPDE-DNA inhibitors refer to a range of molecules that can counteract or prevent the formation of DNA adducts resulting from the binding of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE), a harmful metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene. The formation of these adducts plays a pivotal role in DNA damage and mutation, which can lead to carcinogenesis. Therefore, inhibiting this process can be crucial for minimizing the deleterious effects of BPDE. The described inhibitors mainly act by modulating the enzymes involved in the metabolic activation or detoxification of benzo[a]pyrene. For instance, resveratrol, sulforaphane, and ellagic acid enhance the detoxification pathways, aiding in BPDE removal.

On the other hand, compounds like curcumin, quercetin, and luteolin inhibit the cytochrome P450 enzymes, especially CYP1A1, responsible for converting benzo[a]pyrene to its reactive metabolites, including BPDE. Through these mechanisms, the molecules can lower the overall burden of BPDE-DNA adduct formation in the cell, offering protection against its harmful effects.