StAR Antibody (D-2): sc-166821

StAR Antibody (D-2) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects StAR protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). StAR (D-2) antibody is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. The steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein plays a crucial role in steroid hormone synthesis by facilitating cholesterol transport into mitochondria, where conversion to pregnenolone occurs as the precursor for all steroid hormones. This transport represents the first and rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, making StAR essential for producing hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and sex steroids. StAR expression is particularly important in gonads and adrenal glands, where tropic hormones modulate production, and mutations can lead to severe endocrine disorders, including lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia. StAR protein shows predominant expression in ovary and testis, with immunoreactivity shifting from granulosa cells in early antral follicles to theca cell layers in mature follicles, highlighting a dynamic role in reproductive physiology. StAR gene localizes to human chromosome 8p11.2, and understanding its function and regulation remains vital for elucidating mechanisms underlying steroid hormone biosynthesis and related pathologies.

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StAR Antibody (D-2) References:

1. Immunolocalization and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein during the transitional stages of rat follicular differentiation.  |  Thompson, WE., et al. 1999. J Histochem Cytochem. 47: 769-76. PMID: 10330453
2. Does cholesterol use the mitochondrial contact site as a conduit to the steroidogenic pathway?  |  Thomson, M. 2003. Bioessays. 25: 252-8. PMID: 12596229
3. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in the brain.  |  Lavaque, E., et al. 2006. Neuroscience. 138: 741-7. PMID: 16338087
4. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), a novel mitochondrial cholesterol transporter.  |  Miller, WL. 2007. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1771: 663-76. PMID: 17433772
5. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein is a useful marker for Leydig cells and sex-cord stromal tumors.  |  Dong, L., et al. 2011. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 19: 226-32. PMID: 21217523
6. Role of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in health and disease.  |  Manna, PR., et al. 2016. Endocrine. 51: 7-21. PMID: 26271515
7. Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Overexpression Correlates with Protein Kinase A Activation in Adrenocortical Adenoma.  |  Zhou, W., et al. 2016. PLoS One. 11: e0162606. PMID: 27606678
8. Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein: Structure, Functioning, and Regulation.  |  Tugaeva, KV. and Sluchanko, NN. 2019. Biochemistry (Mosc). 84: S233-S253. PMID: 31213205
9. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein/aldosterone synthase mediates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy.  |  Zhang, WW., et al. 2020. Mol Biol Rep. 47: 1207-1222. PMID: 31820314
10. Human steroidogenic acute regulatory protein: functional activity in COS-1 cells, tissue-specific expression, and mapping of the structural gene to 8p11.2 and a pseudogene to chromosome 13.  |  Sugawara, T., et al. 1995. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92: 4778-82. PMID: 7761400
11. Role of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis.  |  Lin, D., et al. 1995. Science. 267: 1828-31. PMID: 7892608
12. Role of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in steroidogenesis.  |  Stocco, DM. and Clark, BJ. 1996. Biochem Pharmacol. 51: 197-205. PMID: 8573184

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-StAR Antibody (D-2) has 38 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-StAR Antibody (D-2) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

StAR Antibody (D-2) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: Steroidogenic Acute Regulator

Product Clone Name: D-2

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 1-285

Epitope Target: StAR

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: StAR

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 38 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for StAR Antibody (D-2): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin