HRI Antibody (D-12): sc-365239

HRI Antibody (D-12) is a mouse monoclonal IgG2a kappa light chain antibody that detects HRI protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). anti-HRI antibody (D-12) is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. HRI protein, or heme-regulated inhibitor kinase, plays a crucial role in translational regulation, particularly during heme deficiency, by phosphorylating the alpha subunit of eIF2alpha kinase. This phosphorylation is vital for the cellular response to stress conditions such as heat shock and oxidative stress, as phosphorylation leads to the arrest of protein synthesis initiation. HRI activation is dependent on autophosphorylation, and both heat shock protein 90 and heat shock cognate protein 70 are essential for activation under stress. HSC 70 is not only required for proper folding and transformation of HRI into an active form but also plays a role in negatively regulating HRI activation once transformed. Unique structural features of HRI, including the N-terminus and kinase insertion domain, are critical for interaction with heme, which in turn regulates activity. Human HRI gene is located on chromosome 7p22 and encodes a 630 amino acid protein predominantly expressed in erythroid cells, highlighting importance in hematopoiesis and cellular stress responses.

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HRI Antibody (D-12) References:

1. Dual role for Hsc70 in the biogenesis and regulation of the heme-regulated kinase of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2.  |  Uma, S., et al. 1999. Mol Cell Biol. 19: 5861-71. PMID: 10454533
2. Two heme-binding domains of heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2alpha kinase. N terminus and kinase insertion.  |  Rafie-Kolpin, M., et al. 2000. J Biol Chem. 275: 5171-8. PMID: 10671563
3. Cloning of hHRI, human heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase: down-regulated in epithelial ovarian cancers.  |  Hwang, SY., et al. 2000. Mol Cells. 10: 584-91. PMID: 11101152
4. Translation initiation control by heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase in erythroid cells under cytoplasmic stresses.  |  Lu, L., et al. 2001. Mol Cell Biol. 21: 7971-80. PMID: 11689689
5. Heme-regulated eIF2alpha kinase (HRI) is required for translational regulation and survival of erythroid precursors in iron deficiency.  |  Han, AP., et al. 2001. EMBO J. 20: 6909-18. PMID: 11726526
6. Molecular cloning and characterization of the promoter of mouse heme-regulated eIF2alpha kinase.  |  Lu, L. and Chen, JJ. 2002. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1574: 193-9. PMID: 11955629
7. Toxic heavy metal ions activate the heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2 alpha kinase by inhibiting the capacity of hemin-supplemented reticulocyte lysates to reduce disulfide bonds.  |  Matts, RL., et al. 1991. J Biol Chem. 266: 12695-702. PMID: 1676400
8. Mitochondrial stress is relayed to the cytosol by an OMA1-DELE1-HRI pathway.  |  Guo, X., et al. 2020. Nature. 579: 427-432. PMID: 32132707
9. The eIF2α kinase HRI in innate immunity, proteostasis, and mitochondrial stress.  |  Girardin, SE., et al. 2021. FEBS J. 288: 3094-3107. PMID: 32892501
10. The HRI branch of the integrated stress response selectively triggers mitophagy.  |  Chakrabarty, Y., et al. 2024. Mol Cell. 84: 1090-1100.e6. PMID: 38340717
11. Cytosolic retention of HtrA2 during mitochondrial protein import stress triggers the DELE1-HRI pathway.  |  Bi, PY., et al. 2024. Commun Biol. 7: 391. PMID: 38555279
12. Relationship between phosphorylation and activity of heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha kinase.  |  Fagard, R. and London, IM. 1981. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 78: 866-70. PMID: 6940153

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-HRI Antibody (D-12) has 10 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-HRI Antibody (D-12) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

HRI Antibody (D-12) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: HRI

Product Clone Name: D-12

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG_2a kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 27-165

Epitope Target: HRI

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: HRI

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG_2a kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 10 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for HRI Antibody (D-12): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin