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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. HIV mainly infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages and dendritic cells. Negative factor (Nef), also called F-protein, is a peripheral membrane protein which acts as a linker molecule in its mediation of protein-protein interactions in host cell signalling pathways. Myristoylated Nef is localized to cytoplasm, Golgi and plasma membrane, but non-myristoylated Nef localizes exclusively to cytoplasm. Nef interacts with Src-family tyrosine kinases and activator molecules for GTPases at its SH3-binding domain. Nef affects the PI 3-kinase sphingomyelinase signaling pathways and downregulates CD4 by triggering rapid endocytosis of cell surface CD4. Nef contains two relatively unstructured loops, through which it interacts with the cellular proteins that coat vesicles involved in membrane trafficking. This interaction is essential for the ability of Nef to control transmembrane protein distribution and to evade the host immune system. This evasion occurs via the inhibtion of MHC class II-restricted peptide presentation to specific T cells. Nef does this by reducing the surface level of mature MHC class II while increasing levels of invariant chain-associated, immature MHC class II. Nef is the only HIV-1 gene product capable of this action.
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Informations pour la commande
Nom du produit | Ref. Catalogue | COND. | Prix HT | QTÉ | Favoris | |
Anticorps HIV-1 Nef (01-009) | sc-65909 | 100 µg/ml | $316.00 |