Sp2 Activators
Sp2 Activators are specialized chemical compounds that indirectly promote the transcriptional activity of Sp2 through discrete signaling pathways and phosphorylation events. Forskolin and IBMX play pivotal roles by increasing intracellular cAMP levels, leading to the activation of PKA which in turn can phosphorylate Sp2, enhancing its ability to regulate gene expression. Similarly, PMA activates PKC, which directly phosphorylates Sp2, bolstering its DNA binding affinity and transcriptional regulation capabilities. The green tea polyphenol EGCG indirectly supports Sp2 activity by inhibiting kinases that may phosphorylate and destabilize the transcription factor, thus preserving its function. S1P and the calcium ionophores A23187 and Ionomycin stimulate G-protein coupled receptors and increase intracellular calcium levels, respectively, both of which can activate kinases that phosphorylate and activate Sp2.
Additionally, the PI3K inhibitors LY294002 and Wortmannin mayenhance Sp2 by modulating downstream pathways that affect its activity, potentially by decreasing inhibitory phosphorylation of Sp2. Thapsigargin and Okadaic acid both disrupt calcium homeostasis and the balance of phosphorylation within the cell, thus indirectly leading to the enhancement of Sp2's transcriptional activity. Thapsigargin does this by inhibiting SERCA, leading to an increase in cytosolic calcium, which activates various calcium-dependent kinases, while Okadaic acid inhibits phosphatases that would otherwise dephosphorylate Sp2, thereby maintaining Sp2 in a more active phosphorylated state. Staurosporine, although a broad-spectrum inhibitor, could selectively facilitate Sp2's activity by inhibiting specific kinases that target Sp2, preventing its inactivation. Collectively, these chemicals provide a multifaceted approach to enhancing Sp2 activity, converging on the common endpoint of increased transcriptional function without the need for direct activation or increased expression of the transcription factor itself.
Items 1 to 10 of 12 total
Display:
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels within the cell. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can phosphorylate transcription factors like Sp2, enhancing its transcriptional activity on target genes. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $159.00 $315.00 $598.00 | 34 | |
IBMX is a non-selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, enzymes that degrade cAMP and cGMP. By preventing cAMP degradation, IBMX indirectly increases PKA activity, which can enhance Sp2-mediated gene transcription. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of Protein Kinase C (PKC). Activated PKC can phosphorylate Sp2, leading to an increase in its DNA binding affinity and transcriptional regulation of its target genes. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG inhibits several kinases, potentially reducing competitive phosphorylation on sites that negatively regulate Sp2, thereby enhancing Sp2's activity by increasing its stability or DNA binding ability. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), through its G-protein coupled receptors, can activate various intracellular signaling cascades, including those that lead to the phosphorylation and activation of transcription factors like Sp2. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 is an ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calcium-dependent protein kinases, which may phosphorylate and enhance Sp2's transcriptional activity. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), leading to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels which could enhance Sp2 activity indirectly through calcium-mediated signaling pathways. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium concentration, potentially enhancing Sp2 activity through calcium-dependent phosphorylation processes. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor that can modulate AKT signaling. Inhibition of AKT can enhance Sp2 activity by reducing phosphorylation at sites that may repress its transcriptional activity. | ||||||
Wortmannin | 19545-26-7 | sc-3505 sc-3505A sc-3505B | 1 mg 5 mg 20 mg | $66.00 $219.00 $417.00 | 97 | |
Wortmannin is another PI3K inhibitor, functioning similarly to LY294002. It can enhance Sp2's functional activity by modulating downstream signaling pathways that interact with Sp2. | ||||||