Mucin 21 Inhibitors
Chemical inhibitors of Mucin 21 disrupt its proper glycosylation through various mechanisms, each targeting a specific step in the glycosylation pathway. Benzyl-α-GalNAc acts by inhibiting GalNAc-Ts, the enzymes responsible for initiating mucin-type O-glycosylation, which is critical for the early stages of Mucin 21 maturation. Tunicamycin targets the N-linked glycosylation pathway by preventing the transfer of GlcNAc to dolichol phosphate, an essential step for N-glycosylation. This action blocks the addition of oligosaccharides to nascent proteins, thereby inhibiting the N-glycosylation of Mucin 21. Swainsonine and Kifunensine, on the other hand, interfere with the processing of N-linked glycans; swainsonine inhibits mannosidase II, while kifunensine inhibits mannosidase I. Castanospermine and Deoxynojirimycin inhibit glucosidases I and II, impeding the trimming of glucose residues, which is necessary for proper glycoprotein folding and function. Similarly, deoxymannojirimycin targets mannosidase I, further impeding the N-glycosylation process.
Brefeldin A and Monensin disrupt normal Golgi apparatus function, which is vital for the later stages of glycoprotein maturation, including the proper glycosylation of Mucin 21. Brefeldin A inhibits protein transport within the Golgi, while Monensin alters Golgi pH, affecting protein trafficking and glycosylation. NB-DNJ, though primarily affecting lipid glycosylation, can alter the cellular glycosylation balance, which may indirectly influence the glycosylation of proteins like Mucin 21. Nojirimycin also acts as an α-glucosidase inhibitor, preventing the removal of glucose residues necessary for the maturation of N-linked glycoproteins. Salicylhydroxamic Acid (SHAM) can alter the redox state within the endoplasmic reticulum, affecting the formation of disulfide bonds, which are crucial for the correct folding of glycosylated proteins. Collectively, these inhibitors target different steps of the glycosylation process, leading to improper maturation and function of Mucin 21.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside | 3554-93-6 | sc-203427 sc-203427A | 100 mg 1 g | $350.00 $3184.00 | 2 | |
This chemical inhibits the enzyme polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-Ts) which is responsible for the initiation of mucin-type O-glycosylation. By inhibiting GalNAc-Ts, Benzyl-α-GalNAc can inhibit the O-glycosylation of Mucin 21, thereby functionally inhibiting the protein. | ||||||
Tunicamycin | 11089-65-9 | sc-3506A sc-3506 | 5 mg 10 mg | $172.00 $305.00 | 66 | |
Tunicamycin inhibits N-linked glycosylation by blocking the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to dolichol phosphate. As a result, it can inhibit the N-glycosylation of Mucin 21, which is necessary for its proper folding and function, leading to a functional inhibition of the protein. | ||||||
Swainsonine | 72741-87-8 | sc-201362 sc-201362C sc-201362A sc-201362D sc-201362B | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $138.00 $251.00 $631.00 $815.00 $1832.00 | 6 | |
Swainsonine inhibits mannosidase II, which is involved in the processing of N-linked glycans. This can lead to the accumulation of immature glycoproteins and subsequently inhibit the proper glycosylation and function of Mucin 21. | ||||||
Castanospermine | 79831-76-8 | sc-201358 sc-201358A | 100 mg 500 mg | $184.00 $632.00 | 10 | |
Castanospermine inhibits glucosidases I and II, enzymes responsible for trimming glucose residues from N-linked glycoproteins. This inhibition impacts the glycosylation process, which is critical for the proper function of Mucin 21. | ||||||
Deoxynojirimycin | 19130-96-2 | sc-201369 sc-201369A | 1 mg 5 mg | $73.00 $145.00 | ||
Deoxynojirimycin inhibits α-glucosidases, enzymes involved in the trimming of glucose residues during N-glycan maturation. By inhibiting these enzymes, the glycosylation of Mucin 21 can be disrupted, leading to a functional inhibition of the protein. | ||||||
Deoxymannojirimycin hydrochloride | 84444-90-6 | sc-201360 sc-201360A | 1 mg 5 mg | $93.00 $239.00 | 2 | |
Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits mannosidase I, an enzyme involved in the processing of oligosaccharides in the N-glycosylation pathway. This can result in improper glycosylation and folding of Mucin 21, thus functionally inhibiting the protein. | ||||||
Kifunensine | 109944-15-2 | sc-201364 sc-201364A sc-201364B sc-201364C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 100 mg | $135.00 $540.00 $1025.00 $6248.00 | 25 | |
Kifunensine is a mannosidase I inhibitor that interferes with the processing of N-linked glycans. By inhibiting this enzyme, the glycosylation process necessary for the functional activity of Mucin 21 can be disrupted, leading to its inhibition. | ||||||
Brefeldin A | 20350-15-6 | sc-200861C sc-200861 sc-200861A sc-200861B | 1 mg 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $31.00 $53.00 $124.00 $374.00 | 25 | |
Brefeldin A disrupts the Golgi apparatus function by inhibiting protein transport, which is crucial for glycosylation processes. This can lead to a decrease in the proper glycosylation of Mucin 21, therefore functionally inhibiting the protein. | ||||||
Monensin A | 17090-79-8 | sc-362032 sc-362032A | 5 mg 25 mg | $155.00 $525.00 | ||
Monensin, an ionophore that disrupts Golgi function, can lead to altered glycosylation and trafficking of proteins. This disruption can functionally inhibit Mucin 21 by preventing its proper glycosylation and maturation. | ||||||
Salicylhydroxamic acid | 89-73-6 | sc-236849 | 5 g | $20.00 | ||
SHAM inhibits peroxidases, which can affect the redox state within the endoplasmic reticulum. This change in redox state can influence the formation of disulfide bonds, which are important for the proper folding and function of heavily glycosylated proteins like Mucin 21. | ||||||