IPP-2 Activators
IPP-2 Activators are a diverse set of chemical compounds that enhance the functional activity of IPP-2 through intricate cellular signaling pathways. Forskolin, by increasing cAMP levels, and 8-Bromo-cyclic AMP, a stable cAMP analog, both work to activate PKA, which in turn can phosphorylate regulatory subunits such as IPP-2, leading to enhanced activity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and Thapsigargin, by modulating lipid and calcium signaling respectively, also contribute to the activation of IPP-2. S1P does this through its receptor-mediated signaling cascades that intersect with pathways regulating IPP-2, whereas Thapsigargin creates a rise in cytosolic calcium, indirectly influencing IPP-2 through calcium-dependent kinases. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Staurosporine exert their effects through PKC and broad-spectrum kinase inhibition, respectively, altering the phosphorylation landscape in a way that promotes IPP-2's regulatory functions. LY294002 and U0126, by inhibiting PI3K and MEK, may relieveIPP-2 from inhibitory interactions or modify the phosphorylation states of associated proteins, thus potentiating IPP-2's activity within its signaling context.
Calcium ionophores like Ionomycin and A23187 elevate intracellular calcium concentrations, which leads to the activation of calcium-dependent protein kinases capable of altering the functional state of IPP-2, suggesting an enhancement of its activity. Furthermore, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Okadaic Acid, by modulating kinase activities and inhibiting protein phosphatases like PP1 respectively, create conditions that favor the regulatory role of IPP-2. EGCG's inhibition of kinases results in decreased competition for phosphorylation sites, allowing IPP-2 to exert greater influence within its signaling pathways. Okadaic Acid, with its specific inhibition of PP1, can indirectly elevate the activity of IPP-2 by maintaining the phosphorylation status of proteins within the pathways regulated by IPP-2, thus ensuring sustained activation. Collectively, these compounds interact with diverse cellular processes that result in the enhanced activity of IPP-2, showcasing the complexity and interconnectedness of intracellular signaling cascades and their impact on specific protein functions.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. Elevated cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which can phosphorylate IPP-2, enhancing its activity as a regulatory subunit involved in the modulation of the phosphatase PP1. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can modulate various proteins through phosphorylation. PKC-mediated phosphorylation events could increase IPP-2 activity by altering its interaction with PP1 or its localization within the cell. | ||||||
D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | sc-201383 sc-201383D sc-201383A sc-201383B sc-201383C | 1 mg 2 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $162.00 $316.00 $559.00 $889.00 $1693.00 | 7 | |
S1P binds to its G protein-coupled receptors, initiating signaling cascades that can lead to the activation of MAPK and PI3K pathways. These pathways may phosphorylate or create a cellular environment that enhances the activity of IPP-2 within its specific signaling context. | ||||||
Ionomycin, free acid | 56092-81-0 | sc-263405 sc-263405A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $259.00 | 2 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that raises intracellular calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, which may indirectly enhance IPP-2 activity by modifying proteins that regulate IPP-2’s function or localization. | ||||||
8-Bromo-cAMP | 76939-46-3 | sc-201564 sc-201564A | 10 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $224.00 | 30 | |
This cAMP analog is resistant to degradation by phosphodiesterases and persistently activates PKA. Persistent PKA activation can lead to sustained phosphorylation and consequent enhancement of IPP-2 regulatory functions. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin is a SERCA pump inhibitor that leads to increased cytosolic calcium. This can indirectly enhance IPP-2 activity through calcium-dependent signaling pathways that IPP-2 may modulate. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $54.00 $128.00 $199.00 $311.00 | 23 | |
A23187 is another calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium, similarly activating calcium-dependent protein kinases that can phosphorylate proteins interacting with IPP-2, enhancing its activity. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor that can change the balance of cellular signaling, possibly freeing IPP-2 from inhibitory interactions and enhancing its regulatory role in the PP1 signaling pathway. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $150.00 $388.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor that could lead to selective enhancement of IPP-2 function by reducing competitive phosphorylation from other kinases. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG is a kinase inhibitor that can alter signaling cascades within the cell. This may lead to an environment that favors the functional activity of IPP-2 due to changes in the phosphorylation states of associated regulatory proteins. | ||||||