hnRNP U Activators
Chemical activators of hnRNP U are compounds that indirectly enhance the protein's function by modulating cellular signaling pathways and transcriptional activity that are integral to hnRNP U's role in RNA metabolism and chromatin remodeling. These activators operate through a variety of mechanisms, such as upregulating cAMP levels with forskolin, which leads to protein kinase A (PKA) activation and the phosphorylation of hnRNP U, optimizing its function. Similarly, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) through compounds like PMA can enhance transcription of genes that are critical for hnRNP U's RNA processing activities. By modulating histone acetylation levels, compounds like sodium butyrate can indirectly affect the expression and activity of hnRNP U, leading to a more dynamic participation in cellular RNA metabolic processes.
Further to these, agents like retinoic acid and 5-azacytidine modify the transcriptional landscape, with the former acting through retinoic acid receptors to influence gene expression, and the latter inhibiting DNA methylation, both of which can result in upregulated hnRNP U activity. The compounds listed exhibit a range of actions including alteration of chromatin architecture, modulation of transcription factor activity, inhibition or activation of specific signaling cascades, and impacting cellular stress responses. Through these varied mechanisms, each chemical can augment the function of hnRNP U in RNA binding, processing, and regulation, emphasizing the multiplicity of cellular processes that converge on the modulation of hnRNP U activity.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels in cells, which in turn activates PKA. PKA phosphorylation can enhance hnRNP U's nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, thereby potentially increasing its availability within the nucleus to participate in pre-mRNA processing and chromatin organization. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA activates protein kinase C (PKC) which can phosphorylate substrates that are involved in the regulation of transcription factors. PKC activation can enhance the transcription of genes involved in RNA processing where hnRNP U functions, thereby upregulating hnRNP U activity. | ||||||
Sodium Butyrate | 156-54-7 | sc-202341 sc-202341B sc-202341A sc-202341C | 250 mg 5 g 25 g 500 g | $30.00 $46.00 $82.00 $218.00 | 19 | |
Sodium butyrate is a histone deacetylase inhibitor which leads to hyperacetylation of histones, causing a more relaxed chromatin structure and often resulting in enhanced transcription. The increased transcriptional activity can include upregulation of hnRNP U, thereby potentially increasing its RNA metabolic activities. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $65.00 $319.00 $575.00 $998.00 | 28 | |
Retinoic acid modulates gene expression through its role as a ligand for retinoic acid receptors, which are transcription factors. By altering gene expression patterns, retinoic acid can increase the transcription of genes encoding proteins that interact with or modulate hnRNP U, leading to its enhanced function in mRNA processing. | ||||||
5-Azacytidine | 320-67-2 | sc-221003 | 500 mg | $280.00 | 4 | |
5-Azacytidine is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor that results in the hypomethylation of DNA and can activate silenced genes. The activation of certain genes can indirectly upregulate hnRNP U expression by enhancing transcriptional activity or by stimulating the production of factors that stabilize hnRNP U mRNA. | ||||||
A-769662 | 844499-71-4 | sc-203790 sc-203790A sc-203790B sc-203790C sc-203790D | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g | $180.00 $726.00 $1055.00 $3350.00 $5200.00 | 23 | |
A-769662 activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which can lead to cellular energy homeostasis. Activation of AMPK can influence transcription factor activity and may increase the transcription of genes that are co-regulated with hnRNP U, indirectly enhancing its function in RNA binding and regulation. | ||||||
Betulinic Acid | 472-15-1 | sc-200132 sc-200132A | 25 mg 100 mg | $115.00 $337.00 | 3 | |
Betulinic acid can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which influence gene expression patterns related to metabolism and inflammation. Activation of PPARs can lead to upregulation of hnRNP U by affecting transcription factors and coactivators that interact with the hnRNP U promoter region, enhancing its transcription. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $75.00 $212.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram is a selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, which prevents cAMP breakdown, leading to increased cAMP levels in cells and activation of PKA. Activation of PKA can result in the phosphorylation of transcription factors that increase the transcription of hnRNP U or its co-regulatory proteins, thereby increasing hnRNP U activity in RNA metabolism. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a PI3K inhibitor which, paradoxically, can activate stress and repair mechanisms in cells that lead to the compensatory upregulation of certain genes involved in RNA processing and stability, potentially including hnRNP U. | ||||||
Resveratrol | 501-36-0 | sc-200808 sc-200808A sc-200808B | 100 mg 500 mg 5 g | $60.00 $185.00 $365.00 | 64 | |
Resveratrol activates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which can deacetylate histones and non-histone proteins affecting gene expression and protein function. Through its action on SIRT1, resveratrol can enhance the expression of genes that affect hnRNP U's function in RNA splicing and metabolism, indirectly increasing hnRNP U activity. | ||||||