EG232801 Inhibitors

The protein "leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with TM domain), member 5," commonly abbreviated as LILRA5, is an immunoreceptor that belongs to the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LILR) family. This family is part of a larger group of receptors known as immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors, which are predominantly expressed on the surfaces of immune cells.LILRA5 is characterized by the presence of immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular region and a transmembrane (TM) domain, which anchors it to the cell membrane. Unlike some other LILR family members that possess immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) and are involved in the inhibition of immune responses, LILRA5 does not contain ITIMs and is instead thought to play an activating role in the immune system.

The exact ligands and functions of LILRA5 are not entirely clear, but it is known to be expressed on the surface of various leukocytes, including monocytes, neutrophils, and a subset of T cells. The expression of LILRA5 on these cells suggests a potential role in modulating immune responses, possibly by interacting with MHC class I molecules and mediating cellular activation signals that can influence inflammation, cytotoxicity, and other immune processes.Given its expression pattern and structure, LILRA5 might be implicated in both innate and adaptive immune responses. It could participate in the surveillance of altered self-cells, such as tumor cells or virus-infected cells, by recognizing changes in MHC class I expression and contributing to the activation of immune effector cells. Research into LILRA5 and its related family members continues to be important for understanding the complexities of immune regulation and has implications for interventions in autoimmune diseases and the management of infectious diseases.