ATP13A4 Activators

ATP13A4, also known as ATPase 13A4, is a transmembrane protein that belongs to the P5-type ATPase subfamily, which is a group of proteins known to be involved in the transport of ions and lipids across cellular membranes. While the precise physiological function of ATP13A4 remains to be fully elucidated, it is believed to play a role in the maintenance of ionic homeostasis and possibly in the transport of cations or other substrates across the endosomal or lysosomal membranes.The gene encoding ATP13A4 is located on chromosome 3 in humans and is expressed in various tissues, with notable expression in the central nervous system. The ATP13A4 protein itself is characterized by the presence of multiple transmembrane domains and a conserved ATPase domain, which is typical of the P-type ATPase family. These proteins use the energy found in ATP hydrolysis to transport their substrates against concentration gradients.

Mutations or dysregulation of ATP13A4 have not been as extensively studied as other P-type ATPases, but there is growing interest in its function due to its potential involvement in neurological development and function. Research suggests that ATP13A4 may have neuroprotective properties, and alterations in its expression levels could be implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders or neurodegenerative diseases.The broader family to which ATP13A4 belongs, P-type ATPases, includes well-characterized members such as ATP13A2 (PARK9), which has been associated with Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. This connection has prompted further investigation into the roles that ATP13A4 and related proteins might play in cellular processes essential for neuronal health and survival.