VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2): sc-365332

VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) is a mouse monoclonal IgG2b kappa light chain antibody that detects VAMP-4 protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 (VAMP-4) is a critical component of the SNARE protein family, primarily located in the tubular and vesicular membranes of the trans-Golgi network, with significant presence in the heart, brain, and testis, although expressed in nearly all tissues. VAMP-4 plays a vital role in intracellular trafficking, specifically in the transport of synaptic vesicles and Clathrin-coated vesicles, which are essential for the secretion of neurotransmitters and membrane proteins. VAMP-4 forms complexes with syntaxin 6, a key protein involved in the targeting and fusion of vesicles with their respective membranes. Additionally, VAMP-4 contains a di-leucine motif that interacts with the adaptor protein-1 (AP-1) subunit µ-1a, and phosphorylation-dependent binding with PACS-1 modulates the attachment of AP-1 to VAMP-4, highlighting the importance of post-translational modifications in regulating function. Notably, alterations in VAMP-4 expression have been linked to increased risk for suicide attempts, suggesting a potential role in neural conduction and mental health.

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LI-COR^® and Odyssey^® are registered trademarks of LI-COR Biosciences

VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) References:

1. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 is implicated in trans-Golgi network vesicle trafficking.  |  Steegmaier, M., et al. 1999. Mol Biol Cell. 10: 1957-72. PMID: 10359608
2. Biogenesis of regulated exocytotic carriers in neuroendocrine cells.  |  Eaton, BA., et al. 2000. J Neurosci. 20: 7334-44. PMID: 11007891
3. The Di-leucine motif of vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 is required for its localization and AP-1 binding.  |  Peden, AA., et al. 2001. J Biol Chem. 276: 49183-7. PMID: 11598115
4. The SNAREs vti1a and vti1b have distinct localization and SNARE complex partners.  |  Kreykenbohm, V., et al. 2002. Eur J Cell Biol. 81: 273-80. PMID: 12067063
5. The cytoplasmic domain of Vamp4 and Vamp5 is responsible for their correct subcellular targeting: the N-terminal extenSion of VAMP4 contains a dominant autonomous targeting signal for the trans-Golgi network.  |  Zeng, Q., et al. 2003. J Biol Chem. 278: 23046-54. PMID: 12682051
6. AP-1 recruitment to VAMP4 is modulated by phosphorylation-dependent binding of PACS-1.  |  Hinners, I., et al. 2003. EMBO Rep. 4: 1182-9. PMID: 14608369
7. Suicide attempt and basic mechanisms in neural conduction: relationships to the SCN8A and VAMP4 genes.  |  Wasserman, D., et al. 2005. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 133B: 116-9. PMID: 15635639
8. Seven novel mammalian SNARE proteins localize to distinct membrane compartments.  |  Advani, RJ., et al. 1998. J Biol Chem. 273: 10317-24. PMID: 9553086

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) has 2 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: VAMP-4

Product Clone Name: D-2

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG_2b kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 61-125

Epitope Target: VAMP-4

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: VAMP-4 isoforms 1 and 2

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, IHC(P), ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG_2b kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 2 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for VAMP-4 Antibody (D-2): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin