smoothelin Antibody (R4A): sc-23883

Smoothelin Antibody (R4A) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects smoothelin in mouse, rat, human, and chicken samples through applications such as western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry. Anti-smoothelin antibody (R4A) is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Smoothelin plays a crucial role in the structural integrity and function of contractile smooth muscle cells, where smoothelin is exclusively expressed. This cytoskeletal protein is highly conserved across vertebrates and is localized to the filament network, associating with actin stress fibers while notably lacking interaction with desmin. Smoothelin exists in at least two isoforms produced by alternative splicing; the short isoform, which is expressed in visceral muscle tissues such as the intestine and stomach, lacks the first 456 amino acids of the long isoform, which is found in all vascularized organs. In the vascular system, smoothelin is specifically expressed in large veins and arteries that are capable of pulsatile contraction, making smoothelin a valuable marker for studying vascular malformations and injuries. The gene encoding human smoothelin is located on chromosome 22q12.2, highlighting smoothelin′s significance in both developmental biology and pathophysiology.

Alexa Fluor^® is a trademark of Molecular Probes Inc., OR., USA

LI-COR^® and Odyssey^® are registered trademarks of LI-COR Biosciences

smoothelin Antibody (R4A) References:

1. Smoothelin in adult and developing human arteries and myocardium.  |  Johansson, B., et al. 1999. Histochem Cell Biol. 112: 291-9. PMID: 10550614
2. Identification and characterization of novel smoothelin isoforms in vascular smooth muscle.  |  Krämer, J., et al. 2001. J Vasc Res. 38: 120-32. PMID: 11316948
3. Injury induces dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells and increased matrix-degrading metalloproteinase activity in human saphenous vein.  |  Johnson, JL., et al. 2001. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 21: 1146-51. PMID: 11451743
4. Expression of the smoothelin gene is mediated by alternative promoters.  |  Rensen, SS., et al. 2002. Cardiovasc Res. 55: 850-63. PMID: 12176134
5. Adventitial myofibroblasts play no major role in neointima formation after angioplasty.  |  Maeng, M., et al. 2003. Scand Cardiovasc J. 37: 34-42. PMID: 12745801
6. Smoothelin-a is essential for functional intestinal smooth muscle contractility in mice.  |  Niessen, P., et al. 2005. Gastroenterology. 129: 1592-601. PMID: 16285958
7. Smoothelin in vascular smooth muscle cells.  |  van Eys, GJ., et al. 2007. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 17: 26-30. PMID: 17210475
8. Novel contributions of the smoothelin-like 1 protein in vascular smooth muscle contraction and its potential involvement in myogenic tone.  |  Turner, SR. and MacDonald, JA. 2014. Microcirculation. 21: 249-58. PMID: 24267201
9. Smoothelin, a new marker to determine the origin of liver fibrogenic cells.  |  Lepreux, S., et al. 2013. World J Gastroenterol. 19: 9343-50. PMID: 24409061
10. Smoothelin, a novel cytoskeletal protein specific for smooth muscle cells.  |  van der Loop, FT., et al. 1996. J Cell Biol. 134: 401-11. PMID: 8707825
11. Differentiation of smooth muscle cells in human blood vessels as defined by smoothelin, a novel marker for the contractile phenotype.  |  van der Loop, FT., et al. 1997. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 17: 665-71. PMID: 9108778
12. Smoothelin expression characteristics: development of a smooth muscle cell in vitro system and identification of a vascular variant.  |  van Eys, GJ., et al. 1997. Cell Struct Funct. 22: 65-72. PMID: 9113392

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-smoothelin Antibody (R4A) has 9 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-smoothelin Antibody (R4A) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

smoothelin Antibody (R4A) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: SMTN

Product Clone Name: R4A

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids:

Epitope Target: smoothelin

Epitope Species: chicken

Product Reactivity/Detection: long and short isoforms of smoothelin

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human, chicken

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, IHC(P)

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 9 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for smoothelin Antibody (R4A): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin