PKLR Antibody (G-11): sc-133224

PKLR Antibody (G-11) is a mouse monoclonal IgG2a antibody that detects pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC (PKLR) in mouse, rat, and human samples through applications such as western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PKLR plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism by catalyzing the final step of glycolysis, converting phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate while generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is essential for energy production in cells. The proper functioning of PKLR is vital, as deficiencies or mutations in this enzyme can lead to serious conditions such as chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia and pyruvate kinase hyperactivity, both of which can significantly impact red blood cell function and overall metabolic health. The PKLR gene encodes two isoforms, the L-type and R-type, through alternative splicing, with the R-type predominantly expressed in red blood cells and the L-type in the liver. Understanding the expression and regulation of these isoforms is important for elucidating their roles in metabolic disorders, including maturity-onset diabetes of the young, where the L-type isoform is upregulated by glucose. PKLR (G-11) antibody is an invaluable tool for researchers studying glycolytic pathways and their implications in various diseases.

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PKLR Antibody (G-11) References:

1. A new PKLR gene mutation in the R-type promoter region affects the gene transcription causing pyruvate kinase deficiency.  |  Manco, L., et al. 2000. Br J Haematol. 110: 993-7. PMID: 11054094
2. Consequences at mRNA level of the PKLR gene splicing mutations IVS10(+1)G-->C and IVS8(+2)T-->G causing pyruvate kinase deficiency.  |  Manco, L., et al. 2002. Br J Haematol. 118: 927-8. PMID: 12181074
3. Mineralocorticoid receptor suppresses cancer progression and the Warburg effect by modulating the miR-338-3p-PKLR axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.  |  Nie, H., et al. 2015. Hepatology. 62: 1145-59. PMID: 26082033
4. A novel PKLR gene mutation identified using advanced molecular techniques.  |  He, Y., et al. 2018. Pediatr Transplant. 22: PMID: 29349879
5. The NQO1/PKLR axis promotes lymph node metastasis and breast cancer progression by modulating glycolytic reprogramming.  |  Yang, Y., et al. 2019. Cancer Lett. 453: 170-183. PMID: 30954648
6. Gene editing of PKLR gene in human hematopoietic progenitors through 5' and 3' UTR modified TALEN mRNA.  |  Quintana-Bustamante, O., et al. 2019. PLoS One. 14: e0223775. PMID: 31618280
7. Circular RNA FOXP1 promotes tumor progression and Warburg effect in gallbladder cancer by regulating PKLR expression.  |  Wang, S., et al. 2019. Mol Cancer. 18: 145. PMID: 31623628
8. AG-348 (Mitapivat), an allosteric activator of red blood cell pyruvate kinase, increases enzymatic activity, protein stability, and ATP levels over a broad range of PKLR genotypes.  |  Rab, MAE., et al. 2021. Haematologica. 106: 238-249. PMID: 31974203
9. HNF-1a promotes pancreatic cancer growth and apoptosis resistance via its target gene PKLR.  |  Fan, Z., et al. 2020. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 52: 241-250. PMID: 32072180
10. Pyruvate kinase deficiency and PKLR gene mutations: Insights from molecular dynamics simulation analysis.  |  Wang, Y., et al. 2024. Heliyon. 10: e26368. PMID: 38434380

The preferred PKLR antibody is PKLR Antibody (E-2): sc-133222.