HM74 Antibody (A-11): sc-373932

HM74 Antibody (A-11) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody that detects HM74 in human samples through applications such as western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HM74, also known as PUMAG or Puma-g, is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, specifically functioning as a G(i) protein-coupled receptor that mediates the metabolic effects of nicotinic acid. This receptor is predominantly localized to the cell membrane, where HM74 plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, making HM74 significant in the context of metabolic disorders. HM74 is highly expressed in adipocytes, immune cells, and the spleen, highlighting HM74′s importance in both metabolic and immune responses. Structurally, HM74 features seven transmembrane domains, characteristic of GPCRs, but notably lacks the N-linked glycosylation sites near the N-terminus that are found in other family members, suggesting a unique ligand specificity and functional profile. The presence of two homologous genes in humans, GPR109A and GPR109B, which encode the highly similar proteins HM74A and HM74 (or HM74B), further emphasizes the complexity and evolutionary significance of this receptor in human physiology.

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HM74 Antibody (A-11) References:

1. Use of cDNA microarrays to analyze dioxin-induced changes in human liver gene expression.  |  Frueh, FW., et al. 2001. Toxicol Lett. 122: 189-203. PMID: 11489354
2. PUMA-G and HM74 are receptors for nicotinic acid and mediate its anti-lipolytic effect.  |  Tunaru, S., et al. 2003. Nat Med. 9: 352-5. PMID: 12563315
3. Variations in human HM74 (GPR109B) and HM74A (GPR109A) niacin receptors.  |  Zellner, C., et al. 2005. Hum Mutat. 25: 18-21. PMID: 15580557
4. Niacin mediates lipolysis in adipose tissue through its G-protein coupled receptor HM74A.  |  Zhang, Y., et al. 2005. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 334: 729-32. PMID: 16018973
5. Niacin induces PPARgamma expression and transcriptional activation in macrophages via HM74 and HM74a-mediated induction of prostaglandin synthesis pathways.  |  Knowles, HJ., et al. 2006. Biochem Pharmacol. 71: 646-56. PMID: 16386710
6. Triglyceride modulation by acifran analogs: activity towards the niacin high and low affinity G protein-coupled receptors HM74A and HM74.  |  Mahboubi, K., et al. 2006. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 340: 482-90. PMID: 16389067
7. Human epidermoid A431 cells express functional nicotinic acid receptor HM74a.  |  Zhou, L., et al. 2007. Mol Cell Biochem. 294: 243-8. PMID: 17124637
8. Nicotinic acid (niacin) receptor agonists: will they be useful therapeutic agents?  |  Kamanna, VS. and Kashyap, ML. 2007. Am J Cardiol. 100: S53-61. PMID: 18047854
9. The high-affinity niacin receptor HM74A is decreased in the anterior cingulate cortex of individuals with schizophrenia.  |  Miller, CL. and Dulay, JR. 2008. Brain Res Bull. 77: 33-41. PMID: 18639743
10. Isolation and chromosomal localization of GPR31, a human gene encoding a putative G protein-coupled receptor.  |  Zingoni, A., et al. 1997. Genomics. 42: 519-23. PMID: 9205127

The preferred HM74 antibody is HM74 Antibody (D-8): sc-377292.