GALE Antibody (C-4): sc-390407

GALE Antibody (C-4) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects GALE protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GALE (C-4) antibody is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. GALE protein, also known as galactowaldenase, UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, or SDR1E1, is a crucial 348 amino acid enzyme that plays a vital role in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism. GALE functions as a homodimer and requires flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as a cofactor to catalyze the epimerization of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine and UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose, which are essential steps in carbohydrate metabolism. The gene encoding GALE is located on human chromosome 1p36.11, and mutations in this gene can lead to epimerase-deficiency galactosemia (EDG), a complex disorder characterized by severe symptoms such as mental retardation, liver damage, cataracts, and deafness. GALE′s ability to facilitate the conversion of these substrates is critical for maintaining proper galactose levels in the body, highlighting its importance in metabolic processes and potential implications in metabolic disorders.

Alexa Fluor^® is a trademark of Molecular Probes Inc., OR., USA

LI-COR^® and Odyssey^® are registered trademarks of LI-COR Biosciences

GALE Antibody (C-4) References:

1. Human UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. Accommodation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine within the active site.  |  Thoden, JB., et al. 2001. J Biol Chem. 276: 15131-6. PMID: 11279032
2. Determinants of function and substrate specificity in human UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase.  |  Schulz, JM., et al. 2004. J Biol Chem. 279: 32796-803. PMID: 15175331
3. Biochemical, immunological, and cell genetic studies in glycogenosis type II.  |  Reuser, AJ., et al. 1978. Am J Hum Genet. 30: 132-43. PMID: 350041
4. Reversible defects in O-linked glycosylation and LDL receptor expression in a UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase deficient mutant.  |  Kingsley, DM., et al. 1986. Cell. 44: 749-59. PMID: 3948246
5. Further observations in a case of uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase deficiency with a severe clinical presentation.  |  Henderson, MJ., et al. 1983. J Inherit Metab Dis. 6: 17-20. PMID: 6408303
6. Galactosaemia: a new severe variant due to uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase deficiency.  |  Holton, JB., et al. 1981. Arch Dis Child. 56: 885-7. PMID: 7305435
7. Human UDP-galactose 4' epimerase (GALE) gene and identification of five missense mutations in patients with epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.  |  Maceratesi, P., et al. 1998. Mol Genet Metab. 63: 26-30. PMID: 9538513
8. Molecular characterization of a unique patient with epimerase-deficiency galactosaemia.  |  Alano, A., et al. 1998. J Inherit Metab Dis. 21: 341-50. PMID: 9700591
9. Identification and characterization of a mutation, in the human UDP-galactose-4-epimerase gene, associated with generalized epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.  |  Wohlers, TM., et al. 1999. Am J Hum Genet. 64: 462-70. PMID: 9973283

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-GALE Antibody (C-4) has 1 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-GALE Antibody (C-4) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

GALE Antibody (C-4) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: GALE

Product Clone Name: C-4

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids: 181-345

Epitope Target: GALE

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: GALE

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, IHC(P), ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 1 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for GALE Antibody (C-4): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin