ENDOG Antibody (B-2): sc-365359

ENDOG Antibody (B-2) is a mouse monoclonal IgG2b antibody that detects ENDOG protein of mouse, rat, and human origin by western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ENDOG (B-2) antibody is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Endonuclease G (ENDOG) is a crucial nuclear-encoded protein that primarily localizes to mitochondria, where ENDOG plays a significant role in mitochondrial DNA maintenance and apoptosis. This sugar-nonspecific nuclease is responsible for major nuclease activity within mitochondria, preferentially cleaving single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and generating double-stranded DNA cleavage products, which is vital for efficient DNA breakdown during apoptosis. Synthesized as a propeptide with an amino-terminal presequence that directs ENDOG to mitochondria, ENDOG translocates to the nucleus upon apoptotic stimulation, functioning as a nuclease without sequence specificity. Notably, ENDOG exhibits ribonuclease (RNase) and RNase H activities, which are essential for generating RNA primers required by DNA polymerase gamma to initiate mitochondrial DNA replication. While ENDOG is present in mitochondrial intermembrane space, ENDOG is absent from the matrix where mitochondrial DNA replication occurs, highlighting ENDOG′s specialized role in mitochondrial function. Human ENDOG is mapped to chromosome 9q34.11, underscoring ENDOG′s importance in cellular processes and potential implications in various diseases.

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ENDOG Antibody (B-2) References:

1. Action of recombinant human apoptotic endonuclease G on naked DNA and chromatin substrates: cooperation with exonuclease and DNase I.  |  Widlak, P., et al. 2001. J Biol Chem. 276: 48404-9. PMID: 11606588
2. Mitochondrial factors modulate the activity of endonuclease G, the major nuclease of Mammalian mitochondria.  |  Ikeda, S., et al. 2002. J Biochem Mol Biol Biophys. 6: 17-21. PMID: 12186778
3. Mammalian mitochondrial endonuclease G. Digestion of R-loops and localization in intermembrane space.  |  Ohsato, T., et al. 2002. Eur J Biochem. 269: 5765-70. PMID: 12444964
4. Involvement of the mitochondrial nuclease EndoG in the regulation of cell proliferation through the control of reactive oxygen species.  |  Blasco, N., et al. 2020. Redox Biol. 37: 101736. PMID: 33032073
5. Autophagy restricts mitochondrial DNA damage-induced release of ENDOG (endonuclease G) to regulate genome stability.  |  Chao, T., et al. 2021. Autophagy. 17: 3444-3460. PMID: 33465003
6. ENDOG Impacts on Tumor Cell Proliferation and Tumor Prognosis in the Context of PI3K/PTEN Pathway Status.  |  Barés, G., et al. 2021. Cancers (Basel). 13: PMID: 34359707
7. Biallelic Variants in ENDOG Associated with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Multiple mtDNA Deletions.  |  Nasca, A., et al. 2022. Cells. 11: PMID: 35326425
8. Caspase-3 promotes oncogene-induced malignant transformation via EndoG-dependent Src-STAT3 phosphorylation.  |  Zhu, C., et al. 2024. Cell Death Dis. 15: 486. PMID: 38977663
9. The effects of ENDOG on lipid metabolism may be tissue-dependent and may not require its translocation from mitochondria.  |  Llovera, M., et al. 2024. Nat Commun. 15: 7121. PMID: 39169002
10. Apoptotic endonuclease EndoG induces alternative splicing of Caspase-2.  |  Zhdanov, DD., et al. 2024. Biomed Khim. 70: 218-230. PMID: 39239896
11. Primers for mitochondrial DNA replication generated by endonuclease G.  |  Côté, J. and Ruiz-Carrillo, A. 1993. Science. 261: 765-9. PMID: 7688144
12. Chromosomal localization of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TCF6), single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSBP), and endonuclease G (ENDOG), three human housekeeping genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis.  |  Tiranti, V., et al. 1995. Genomics. 25: 559-64. PMID: 7789991

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-ENDOG Antibody (B-2) has 19 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-ENDOG Antibody (B-2) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

ENDOG Antibody (B-2) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: ENDOG

Product Clone Name: B-2

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG_2b

Amino Acids: 145-297

Epitope Target: ENDOG

Epitope Species: human

Product Reactivity/Detection: Endonuclease G

Species Reactivity/Detection: mouse, rat, human

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP, IF, ELISA

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG_2b in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 19 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for ENDOG Antibody (B-2): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin