Batrachotoxin is a toxic steroidal alkaloid, which is found in neotropical poison dart frogs from the genus, Phyllobates. It is known that Batrachotoxin specifically activates sodium channel protein (voltage gated Na+ channels) in the peripheral nervous system, which increase membrane permeability. This alters ion selectivity, prevents channel inactivation, and promotes single channel conductance. Studies determined that the binding site of Batrachotoxin is located within the inner cavity of the voltage gated channel. In addition, the residue hNa(v)1.5-N927 is critical for ion permeation when Batrachotoxin is bound.
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