TCP-1 ζ Activators
TCP-1 ζ Activators are a series of chemical compounds that serve to indirectly bolster the chaperone function of TCP-1 ζ through discrete cellular pathways. Compounds such as Forskolin, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and AICAR act by modifying intracellular signaling and metabolic states to augment TCP-1 ζ activity. Forskolin raises cAMP levels, activating PKA which may increase the efficacy of TCP-1 ζ by promoting efficient substrate interaction. EGCG, known for its influence on ATPase activities of chaperones, could enhance the ATP hydrolysis process critical for the functional cycle of TCP-1 ζ. AICAR stimulates AMPK, which could enhance autophagy and consequentially the protein refolding functions of TCP-1 ζ.
In addition, a cluster of Hsp90 inhibitors, including Geldanamycin, 17-AAG, Radicicol, PU-H71, Novobiocin, and Celastrol, play a pivotal role in indirectly amplifying the chaperonin activity of TCP-1 ζ. The inhibition of Hsp90 by these compounds leads to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins, thereby increasing the demand for TCP-1 ζ's refolding capabilities. For instance, Geldanamycin and its derivative 17-AAG bind to Hsp90, destabilizing its client proteins, which may result in a compensatory upsurge in the functional activity of TCP-1 ζ. Similarly, PU-H71 and Novobiocin, by impairing Hsp90, are likely to enhance the client protein load for TCP-1 ζ, indirectly necessitating its increased chaperone action. Furthermore, Celastrol triggers a heat shock response, which can upregulate the cellular mechanisms that require the action of chaperonins, thereby potentially enhancing the operational capacity of TCP-1 ζ. The proteasome inhibitor MG-132 adds to the protein refolding demand by preventing the degradation of aberrant proteins, indirectly fostering the utility of TCP-1 ζ.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG is known to modulate the ATPase activity of chaperones. It could enhance the ATPase activity of TCP-1 ζ, potentially increasing its chaperone efficiency in protein folding. | ||||||
Geldanamycin | 30562-34-6 | sc-200617B sc-200617C sc-200617 sc-200617A | 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $39.00 $59.00 $104.00 $206.00 | 8 | |
Geldanamycin binds to Hsp90, indirectly increasing the need for other chaperones, like TCP-1 ζ, by destabilizing proteins that typically rely on Hsp90, thus potentially enhancing the functional demand and activity of TCP-1 ζ. | ||||||
17-AAG | 75747-14-7 | sc-200641 sc-200641A | 1 mg 5 mg | $67.00 $156.00 | 16 | |
Similar to Geldanamycin, 17-AAG disrupts Hsp90 function, which could create a compensatory increase in TCP-1 ζ activity due to elevated misfolded protein levels requiring chaperonin assistance. | ||||||
Radicicol | 12772-57-5 | sc-200620 sc-200620A | 1 mg 5 mg | $92.00 $333.00 | 13 | |
Radicicol inhibits Hsp90, which in turn could enhance the activity of TCP-1 ζ by increasing the pool of non-native proteins that require folding assistance, indirectly upregulating TCP-1 ζ's chaperone function. | ||||||
Novobiocin | 303-81-1 | sc-362034 sc-362034A | 5 mg 25 mg | $128.00 $380.00 | ||
Novobiocin is another Hsp90 inhibitor that can lead to a compensatory increase in TCP-1 ζ activity to deal with the excess of unfolded proteins. | ||||||
Celastrol, Celastrus scandens | 34157-83-0 | sc-202534 | 10 mg | $158.00 | 6 | |
Celastrol induces heat shock response and thus can increase the functional activity of chaperonins like TCP-1 ζ by upregulating cellular stress pathways and the need for protein refolding. | ||||||
AICAR | 2627-69-2 | sc-200659 sc-200659A sc-200659B | 50 mg 250 mg 1 g | $65.00 $280.00 $400.00 | 48 | |
AICAR activates AMPK which can enhance autophagy, leading to an increased degradation of misfolded proteins and thus potentially enhancing the requirement for TCP-1 ζ activity in protein refolding. | ||||||
MG-132 [Z-Leu- Leu-Leu-CHO] | 133407-82-6 | sc-201270 sc-201270A sc-201270B | 5 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $60.00 $265.00 $1000.00 | 163 | |
MG-132 is a proteasome inhibitor that raises the levels of misfolded proteins, indirectly enhancing the functional activity of TCP-1 ζ due to the increased need for chaperonin-mediated folding. | ||||||
Concanamycin A | 80890-47-7 | sc-202111 sc-202111A sc-202111B sc-202111C | 50 µg 200 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $66.00 $167.00 $673.00 $2601.00 | 109 | |
Concanamycin A, a V-ATPase inhibitor, can lead to increased cytosolic acidification, which may enhance chaperonin activity, including that of TCP-1 ζ, as a mechanism to protect cellular proteins under stress conditions. | ||||||
2-Deoxy-D-glucose | 154-17-6 | sc-202010 sc-202010A | 1 g 5 g | $70.00 $215.00 | 26 | |
2-Deoxy-D-glucose inhibits glycolysis and induces cellular stress, which may enhance the functional demand for chaperonins like TCP-1 ζ as part of the unfolded protein response. | ||||||