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Chromosome 22 open reading frame 39 (C22orf39) is a protein that, as the name suggests, is encoded by a gene located on chromosome 22, one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Specifically, the term "open reading frame" (ORF) refers to a sequence of DNA that has the potential to be translated into a protein. An ORF includes a start codon, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis, as well as a continuous sequence of codons that do not contain a stop codon until the end of the sequence, where a termination codon signals the end of the protein-coding region.

C22orf39 is one of many ORFs identified through genomic sequencing projects. These projects have expanded our understanding of the genetic landscape by identifying numerous ORFs, many of which have not yet been fully characterized in terms of their protein products, functions, or biological significance. The '39' in the name typically signifies that it is the 39th ORF identified on chromosome 22.Like other ORFs that have not been extensively studied, the precise function of the protein product of C22orf39 may be unclear. However, by analyzing the sequence of the DNA and the predicted amino acid sequence of the protein, researchers can hypothesize about potential functions. These may include roles in cellular processes, signaling pathways, or structural components of the cell based on sequence homology to other known proteins or motifs known to be involved in specific functions.