PPIH Activators
PPIH Activators are a diverse group of chemical compounds that act through various cellular signaling pathways to enhance the activity of Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase H (PPIH). Forskolin, by increasing intracellular cAMP levels, indirectly elevates protein kinase A (PKA) activity, which can lead to the phosphorylation of proteins associated with PPIH, potentially enhancing its isomerase activity. Similarly, Rolipram elevates cAMP levels by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4, thereby activating PKA and influencing proteins that modulate PPIH activity. Epigallocatechin gallate, through inhibition of protein kinase C, could reduce the phosphorylation of inhibitory proteins, thus fostering a cellular environment more conducive to PPIH activity.
Ionomycin and Thapsigargin alter intracellular calcium levels, which can affect calmodulin, a calcium-binding messenger protein that might interact with and enhance PPIH activity. Okadaic acid and Calyculin A, as inhibitors of protein phosphatases, create a hyperphosphorylated state that could indirectly enhance PPIH's role in protein folding and function. KN-93 inhibits CaMKII, potentially increasing the availability of calmodulin to interact with PPIH. Anisomycin activates JNK signaling, which could create a phosphorylation pattern favorable to PPIH's activity.
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin directly stimulates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP can enhance PKA activity, which then phosphorylates serine/threonine residues on target proteins, potentially enhancing PPIH's peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity. | ||||||
Rolipram | 61413-54-5 | sc-3563 sc-3563A | 5 mg 50 mg | $77.00 $216.00 | 18 | |
Rolipram inhibits phosphodiesterase 4, leading to increased cAMP levels. The subsequent activation of PKA may increase the phosphorylation of proteins that interact with PPIH, enhancing its activity. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
EGCG inhibits protein kinase C, which could prevent the phosphorylation of inhibitor proteins, thereby reducing their suppression of PPIH activity. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $78.00 $270.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin acts as a calcium ionophore, increasing intracellular calcium levels, which can modulate calmodulin activity. Activated calmodulin may then interact with and enhance the activity of PPIH. | ||||||
KN-93 | 139298-40-1 | sc-202199 | 1 mg | $182.00 | 25 | |
KN-93 is a specific inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Inhibition of CaMKII can increase the availability of calmodulin to bind and potentially enhance PPIH activity. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a JNK activator that can enhance the phosphorylation of substrates involved in signaling pathways, potentially creating a more favorable environment for PPIH's activity. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $136.00 $446.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin inhibits the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), elevating cytosolic calcium levels, which could activate calmodulin and indirectly enhance PPIH activity. | ||||||
A23187 | 52665-69-7 | sc-3591 sc-3591B sc-3591A sc-3591C | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg | $55.00 $131.00 $203.00 $317.00 | 23 | |
A23187 is a calcium ionophore that raises intracellular calcium concentrations, potentially affecting calmodulin and thereby enhancing PPIH activity. | ||||||
Cyclosporin A | 59865-13-3 | sc-3503 sc-3503-CW sc-3503A sc-3503B sc-3503C sc-3503D | 100 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g 25 g 100 g | $63.00 $92.00 $250.00 $485.00 $1035.00 $2141.00 | 69 | |
Cyclosporin A binds to cyclophilins, a class of proteins that PPIH belongs to, potentially altering its conformation and enhancing its peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity. | ||||||