Mucin 2 Activators
Mucin 2 (MUC2) activators represent a chemical class of compounds that interact with and modulate the function of MUC2, a high molecular weight glycoprotein primarily found in the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract. MUC2 is a critical component of the protective mucus barrier that lines the luminal surface of the digestive tract, serving as a frontline defense against various environmental factors, including pathogens, toxins, and mechanical abrasion. MUC2 activators are characterized by their capacity to influence the production, secretion, or structural properties of MUC2, ultimately impacting the integrity and functionality of the mucosal barrier within the gastrointestinal system.
The activation of MUC2 by these compounds plays a vital role in maintaining mucosal homeostasis and barrier function. MUC2 activators can operate through diverse mechanisms, including the regulation of gene expression, post-translational modifications, or interactions with other mucin-related molecules. These compounds may enhance the synthesis and secretion of MUC2 by goblet cells, ensuring an adequate supply of mucin to form a protective layer along the mucosal surfaces. Additionally, MUC2 activators can influence the glycosylation patterns of MUC2, which affect its ability to form the characteristic gel-like structure of mucus, thus influencing its physical properties and barrier function.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid, Sodium Salt | 14605-22-2 | sc-281165 | 1 g | $644.00 | 5 | |
TUDCA is a bile acid derivative. Bile acids are known to regulate mucin secretion in the intestines. TUDCA, in particular, can help maintain the mucus layer's integrity and potentially stimulate mucin secretion, although the exact mechanism isn't fully elucidated. | ||||||
Sodium Butyrate | 156-54-7 | sc-202341 sc-202341B sc-202341A sc-202341C | 250 mg 5 g 25 g 500 g | $31.00 $47.00 $84.00 $222.00 | 19 | |
As a short-chain fatty acid produced by bacterial fermentation in the colon, butyrate is essential for colon health. It has been shown to promote MUC2 expression in goblet cells. Butyrate's role seems to be partly epigenetic, where it inhibits histone deacetylases, leading to increased MUC2 gene expression. | ||||||
Sulindac | 38194-50-2 | sc-202823 sc-202823A sc-202823B | 1 g 5 g 10 g | $32.00 $86.00 $150.00 | 3 | |
Sulindac, an NSAID, has shown potential in increasing MUC2 expression. While primarily an anti-inflammatory, its influence on MUC2 is thought to be through the modulation of certain signaling pathways, although the exact pathways remain to be fully explored. | ||||||
PGE2 | 363-24-6 | sc-201225 sc-201225C sc-201225A sc-201225B | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 50 mg | $57.00 $159.00 $275.00 $678.00 | 37 | |
PGE2 is a lipid mediator involved in various physiological processes. It's known to stimulate mucin secretion in certain cell types, likely through the activation of its receptors and downstream cAMP production. | ||||||
Retinoic Acid, all trans | 302-79-4 | sc-200898 sc-200898A sc-200898B sc-200898C | 500 mg 5 g 10 g 100 g | $66.00 $325.00 $587.00 $1018.00 | 28 | |
A vitamin A derivative, retinoic acid can regulate various genes' expression. It has been shown to influence mucin expression in certain contexts, possibly by acting on retinoic acid receptors and modulating transcriptional activity. | ||||||
Dexamethasone | 50-02-2 | sc-29059 sc-29059B sc-29059A | 100 mg 1 g 5 g | $91.00 $139.00 $374.00 | 36 | |
A corticosteroid, dexamethasone can induce mucin production in certain cell types. The mechanism might involve anti-inflammatory effects and direct transcriptional regulation of mucin genes. | ||||||
Lithocholic acid | 434-13-9 | sc-215262 sc-215262A | 10 g 25 g | $100.00 $272.00 | 1 | |
Another bile acid, lithocholic acid, can influence mucin secretion. Bile acids are known to interact with specific receptors in the intestines, like FXR and TGR5, modulating mucin secretion. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $78.00 $153.00 $740.00 $1413.00 $2091.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin is known to activate adenylyl cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP can stimulate mucin secretion through PKA activation and subsequent intracellular signaling. | ||||||
Chenodeoxycholic acid, free acid | 474-25-9 | sc-278835 sc-278835A | 1 g 5 g | $28.00 $117.00 | ||
Like other bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid can modulate mucin dynamics. Its effects on MUC2 might be mediated through its interactions with bile acid receptors and subsequent signaling events. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a known activator of protein kinase C (PKC). Activation of PKC can influence various signaling pathways, some of which might be involved in mucin secretion. | ||||||