HIV-1 gp120 Activators

Chemical class HIV-1 gp120 Activators encompasses a diverse range of compounds that can indirectly influence the activity or expression of HIV-1 gp120, a glycoprotein essential for the HIV virus to bind to and enter host cells. These activators do not directly interact with gp120; instead, they modulate various cellular signaling pathways and transcriptional processes that can ultimately affect gp120.

The chemicals listed are primarily involved in regulating key signaling pathways like PKA, PKC, MAPK/ERK, Wnt/β-catenin, mTOR, NF-κB, and others. For instance, Forskolin, by elevating cAMP levels, influences the PKA signaling pathway, which can lead to changes in transcriptional regulation affecting gp120. Similarly, PMA, through the activation of PKC, may impact the protein's expression or processing via transcriptional changes. Others, like Lithium chloride and Rapamycin, modulate the Wnt/β-catenin and mTOR pathways, respectively, creating an environment where gp120's activity or expression might be altered.