β-defensin 37 Activators

β-Defensin 37, a crucial component of the innate immune system, plays a pivotal role in antimicrobial defense against a spectrum of pathogens. Functioning as an antimicrobial peptide, it disrupts microbial membranes, exerts bactericidal effects, and strengthens the initial line of defense. The activation of β-defensin 37 involves a sophisticated interplay of cellular signaling pathways influenced by various chemical activators. Compounds such as retinoic acid, thiazolidinediones, sulforaphane, butyrate, genistein, resveratrol, 5-azacytidine, alpha-lipoic acid, luteolin, diallyl disulfide, EGCG, and quercetin exert their effects through specific pathways, ranging from nuclear receptors to epigenetic modifications. These pathways converge at the DEFB37 promoter, leading to enhanced transcription and elevated β-defensin 37 expression.

Understanding these activation mechanisms not only unveils the complexity of innate immunity but also provides insights into potential strategies for modulating β-defensin 37 expression. This knowledge contributes to our comprehension of host-pathogen interactions and may have implications for developing innovative approaches to reinforce the innate immune response against microbial challenges.