Atg4C Activators

Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant that inhibits the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway. By inhibiting mTOR, rapamycin indirectly activates autophagy by relieving mTOR's inhibitory effect on autophagic processes. This can potentially impact ATG4C's involvement in autophagosome formation.

Torin 1 is a potent inhibitor of mTOR kinase activity. It can indirectly stimulate autophagy by suppressing mTOR signaling, which may affect ATG4C's role in autophagic processes.

This compound was identified as an ATG4B inhibitor and might also affect ATG4C, though specificity needs further study.

AICAR is a pharmacological activator of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase). By activating AMPK, AICAR can stimulate autophagy by enhancing cellular energy sensing and potentially influence ATG4C-mediated autophagic processes.

Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug that also activates AMPK. It can indirectly promote autophagy by modulating cellular energy metabolism and AMPK signaling, potentially affecting ATG4C's participation in autophagosome formation.

Chloroquine inhibits autophagy by raising lysosomal pH, thereby preventing fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. It might indirectly affect ATG4C activity.

MG-132 is a proteasome inhibitor that can lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, triggering autophagy. ATG4C may play a role in autophagosome formation under these conditions.

3-Methyladenine (3-MA) inhibits autophagy at the initiation phase by blocking autophagosome formation. It might indirectly affect ATG4C.

Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor used in cancer therapy. It can indirectly activate autophagy by inhibiting protein degradation in the proteasome, potentially influencing ATG4C-mediated processes in autophagy.

This compound inhibits the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. Its effect on ATG4C is indirect.