U-937 + PMA Cell Lysate: sc-2296

U-937 + PMA Cell Lysate is derived from U-937 cells, a human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, treated with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), inducing differentiation of U-937 cells into macrophage-like cells. This lysate is widely used in immunological and oncological research to study the mechanisms of monocyte differentiation, signal transduction, and cellular responses to differentiation stimuli. Researchers utilize U-937 + PMA Cell Lysate to investigate the changes in protein expression, phosphorylation, and interactions following PMA treatment. Techniques such as western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry are employed to analyze key signaling molecules involved in the PKC pathway, including ERK, JNK, and NF-κB. This lysate is particularly valuable for studying the activation of downstream effectors and the transcriptional regulation of genes associated with macrophage function, such as cytokine production and phagocytosis. Additionally, it aids in exploring the crosstalk between PKC signaling and other pathways like PI3K/AKT and MAPK, providing insights into the complex regulatory networks governing cell differentiation and immune responses. By comparing this lysate with untreated U-937 cell lysates, scientists can identify specific molecular alterations induced by PMA, advancing our understanding of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and the underlying signaling mechanisms.