Tenofovir Monohydrate (CAS 206184-49-8)

Tenofovir Monohydrate is a crystalline form of tenofovir, incorporating a single molecule of water (monohydrate). This form is utilized in scientific research to understand the interactions and stability of nucleotide analogs within biological systems. Tenofovir itself is structurally related to adenosine and includes a phosphonic acid group, which is crucial for its interaction with biological enzymes, particularly those involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids. In biochemical research, Tenofovir Monohydrate is primarily used to study how nucleotide analogs inhibit enzymes like reverse transcriptase (RT). These enzymes are key to the replication process of some viruses, synthesizing DNA strands from RNA templates. Tenofovir Monohydrate competes with natural nucleotides, incorporating into the growing DNA chain and preventing further elongation due to its lack of a 3′ hydroxyl group, which is essential for the formation of phosphodiester bonds with subsequent nucleotides. Additionally, Tenofovir Monohydrate is important in research focused on understanding viral resistance mechanisms. Studies involving this compound help identify how viral mutations can reduce sensitivity to nucleotide analogs, providing insights into viral adaptation and the development of resistance. Tenofovir Monohydrate is also employed in studies aimed at optimizing the delivery and stability of nucleotide analogs. Researchers examine how the monohydrate form influences the solubility and stability of the compound in various environments, aiding in the development of formulations that maximize its effectiveness in scientific applications.