PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 (1,2-dioctanoyl) (sodium salt)

PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 (1,2-dioctanoyl) (sodium salt) is a phosphoinositide that serves as a crucial lipid signaling molecule in cellular processes. This synthetic derivative contains a dioctanoyl fatty acid chain at the 1 and 2 positions, and is specifically phosphorylated at the 4 and 5 positions on the inositol ring, giving it unique signaling properties. It plays an essential role in membrane-associated signaling events due to its localization in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. In research, this molecule is frequently used to study signal transduction pathways involving phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC), which hydrolyzes PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 to generate diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3), both critical secondary messengers. Its involvement in the generation of DAG and IP3 links this compound to the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity and calcium mobilization, which are pivotal in controlling cellular processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Additionally, researchers utilize PtdIns-(4,5)-P2 to explore its interactions with actin-binding proteins and ion channels. This helps in understanding how it orchestrates membrane dynamics, cytoskeletal architecture, and signal transduction in cellular communication and endocytosis. The dioctanoyl chain renders it a convenient analog for in vitro studies involving kinase or phosphatase activities on phosphoinositides.