p-PACT Antibody (HL1921): sc-53524

p-PACT Antibody (HL1921) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody that detects PACT in mouse and rat samples through applications such as western blotting (WB) and immunoprecipitation (IP). anti-PACT antibody (HL1921) plays a crucial role in understanding the function of PACT, which is essential for the regulation of the cellular stress response. PACT, or PKR-associated protein X, is primarily located in the cytoplasm and is known to interact with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and activate the protein kinase PKR in response to stressors like serum starvation or oxidative stress. This activation leads to the phosphorylation of eIF2α, a key event that inhibits protein translation and can trigger apoptosis, highlighting PACT′s importance in cellular survival and death pathways. Notably, PACT undergoes phosphorylation at Serine 18, and its non-phosphorylated form is unable to activate PKR, emphasizing the significance of post-translational modifications in regulating PACT function. PACT′s ability to form heterodimers and interact with eIF2α through its DRBM domain further illustrates its complex role in cellular signaling, making PACT monoclonal antibody (HL1921) an invaluable tool for researchers studying stress response mechanisms and apoptosis in various biological contexts.

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p-PACT Antibody (HL1921) References:

1. RAX, a cellular activator for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during stress signaling.  |  Ito, T., et al. 1999. J Biol Chem. 274: 15427-32. PMID: 10336432
2. The C-terminal, third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR).  |  Huang, X., et al. 2002. Biochem J. 366: 175-86. PMID: 11985496
3. Inhibition of PACT-mediated activation of PKR by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein.  |  Peters, GA., et al. 2002. J Virol. 76: 11054-64. PMID: 12368348
4. A novel role for RAX, the cellular activator of PKR, in synergistically stimulating SV40 large T antigen-dependent gene expression.  |  Yang, M., et al. 2003. J Biol Chem. 278: 38325-32. PMID: 12874289
5. Serine 18 phosphorylation of RAX, the PKR activator, is required for PKR activation and consequent translation inhibition.  |  Bennett, RL., et al. 2004. J Biol Chem. 279: 42687-93. PMID: 15299031
6. Multiple levels of PKR inhibition during HIV-1 replication.  |  Clerzius, G., et al. 2011. Rev Med Virol. 21: 42-53. PMID: 21294215
7. The PKR activator, PACT, becomes a PKR inhibitor during HIV-1 replication.  |  Clerzius, G., et al. 2013. Retrovirology. 10: 96. PMID: 24020926
8. dsRNA binding protein PACT/RAX in gene silencing, development and diseases.  |  Yong, Y., et al. 2014. Front Biol (Beijing). 9: 382-388. PMID: 25554729
9. S6K2-mediated regulation of TRBP as a determinant of miRNA expression in human primary lymphatic endothelial cells.  |  Warner, MJ., et al. 2016. Nucleic Acids Res. 44: 9942-9955. PMID: 27407113
10. The Mitochondrial Rhomboid Protease PARL Is Regulated by PDK2 to Integrate Mitochondrial Quality Control and Metabolism.  |  Shi, G. and McQuibban, GA. 2017. Cell Rep. 18: 1458-1472. PMID: 28178523
11. Regulation of PKR activation and apoptosis during oxidative stress by TRBP phosphorylation.  |  Ukhueduan, B., et al. 2021. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 137: 106030. PMID: 34174402
12. PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR.  |  Patel, RC. and Sen, GC. 1998. EMBO J. 17: 4379-90. PMID: 9687506

The preferred PACT antibody is PACT Antibody (D-4): sc-377103.