Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C): sc-57760

Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 kappa light chain antibody that detects the Hep B xAg protein of Hepatitis B origin by western blotting (WB) and immunoprecipitation (IP). Hep B xAg monoclonal antibody (X36C) is available in both non-conjugated and various conjugated forms, including agarose, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), phycoerythrin (PE), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. The Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a member of the Hepadnavirus family, is notorious for causing liver inflammation, jaundice, and in severe cases, death. Among the various proteins associated with HBV, Hep B xAg protein, also known as the X protein, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the virus. Hep B xAg protein interacts with several cellular proteins, including p53 and the retinoblastoma protein, which are pivotal in regulating cell cycle and apoptosis. By modulating these interactions, Hep B xAg protein can promote oncogenic processes, contributing to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Expression of Hep B xAg is primarily localized in the liver, where Hep B xAg protein can influence the tumor microenvironment and facilitate metastasis through the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. This makes Hep B xAg protein not only a significant marker for HBV infection but also a potential target for therapeutic intervention in liver cancer associated with chronic Hepatitis B infection.

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Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C) References:

1. In vivo inhibition of anti-hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) immunoglobulin G production by HBcAg-specific CD4(+) Th1-type T-cell clones in a hu-PBL-NOD/SCID mouse model.  |  Cao, T., et al. 2001. J Virol. 75: 11449-56. PMID: 11689626
2. HBcAg-specific cytokine production by CD4 T lymphocytes of children with acute and chronic hepatitis B.  |  Szkaradkiewicz, A., et al. 2003. Virus Res. 97: 127-33. PMID: 14602204
3. Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.  |  Chung, TW., et al. 2004. FASEB J. 18: 1123-5. PMID: 15132991
4. Exposure of RNA templates and encapsidation of spliced viral RNA are influenced by the arginine-rich domain of human hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg 165-173).  |  Le Pogam, S., et al. 2005. J Virol. 79: 1871-87. PMID: 15650211
5. Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.  |  Feitelson, MA., et al. 2009. Cancer Lett. 286: 69-79. PMID: 19201080
6. The molecular and pathophysiological implications of hepatitis B X antigen in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.  |  Martin-Vilchez, S., et al. 2011. Rev Med Virol. 21: 315-29. PMID: 21755567
7. Hepatitis B x antigen (HBx) is an important therapeutic target in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.  |  Medhat, A., et al. 2021. Oncotarget. 12: 2421-2433. PMID: 34853663
8. Epitopes recognized by antibodies to denatured core protein of hepatitis B virus.  |  Bichko, V., et al. 1993. Mol Immunol. 30: 221-31. PMID: 7679466
9. Identification of hepatitis B virus core protein regions exposed or internalized at the surface of HBcAg particles by scanning with monoclonal antibodies.  |  Pushko, P., et al. 1994. Virology. 202: 912-20. PMID: 8030252
10. The structure of the variable regions of mouse monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis B virus core antigen.  |  Skrivelis, V., et al. 1993. Scand J Immunol. 37: 637-43. PMID: 8316761
11. Differentiation of core gene products of the hepatitis B virus in infected liver tissue using monoclonal antibodies.  |  Naoumov, NV., et al. 1997. J Med Virol. 53: 127-38. PMID: 9334923
12. Hepatitis B x antigen and p53 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.  |  Feitelson, MA. 1998. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 5: 367-74. PMID: 9931385

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C) has 15 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C) Specifications

Alternate Product Name: Hep B xAg

Product Clone Name: X36C

Classification: Primary Antibody

Clonality: Monoclonal Antibody

Antibody Isotype: IgG₁ kappa light chain

Amino Acids:

Epitope Target: Hep B xAg

Epitope Species: Hepatitis B virus

Product Reactivity/Detection: x-antigen

Species Reactivity/Detection: Hep B

Additional Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Additional Non-Mammalian Reactivity: N/A

Applications: WB, IP

Vialing Information: Each vial contains 200 µg IgG₁ kappa light chain in 1.0 ml of PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin

Research Citations: 15 citations in various scientific publications

Available Conjugates/Forms for Hep B xAg Antibody (X36C): AC: Agarose, AF488: Alexa Fluor^® 488, AF546: Alexa Fluor^® 546, AF594: Alexa Fluor^® 594, AF647: Alexa Fluor^® 647, AF680: Alexa Fluor^® 680, AF790: Alexa Fluor^® 790, FITC: Fluoroscein, HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase, PE: Phycoerythrin