Formoterol (CAS 73573-87-2)
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Formoterol tartrate is a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist that functions by binding to and activating beta2-adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscle cells of the airways. This activation leads to the stimulation of adenylate cyclase, which in turn increases the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The elevated levels of cAMP result in the relaxation of the smooth muscle cells, leading to bronchodilation. This chemical′s mode of action may involve the specific targeting of beta2-adrenergic receptors, which are predominantly found in the lungs. By binding to these receptors, formoterol tartrate effectively modulates the smooth muscle tone in the airways, allowing for increased airflow and improved respiratory function. At the molecular level, formoterol tartrate′s interaction with beta2-adrenergic receptors leads to the activation of intracellular signaling pathways that ultimately result in the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. This mechanism of action is integral to its functional role in experimental applications focused on investigating respiratory physiology and pharmacology.
Formoterol (CAS 73573-87-2) References
- Co-inhalation of roflumilast, rather than formoterol, with fluticasone more effectively improves asthma in asthmatic mice. | Murad, HA., et al. 2017. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 242: 516-526. PMID: 28056550
- Formoterol and fluticasone propionate combination improves histone deacetylation and anti-inflammatory activities in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke. | Ferraro, M., et al. 2017. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 1863: 1718-1727. PMID: 28483577
- Structural and pharmacological basis for the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis by formoterol but not clenbuterol. | Cameron, RB., et al. 2017. Sci Rep. 7: 10578. PMID: 28874749
- Pharmacological Stimulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis Using the Food and Drug Administration-Approved β2-Adrenoreceptor Agonist Formoterol for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. | Scholpa, NE., et al. 2019. J Neurotrauma. 36: 962-972. PMID: 30280980
- Comparative Efficacy of Budesonide/Formoterol with Budesonide, Formoterol or Placebo for Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-Analysis. | Tang, B., et al. 2019. Med Sci Monit. 25: 1155-1163. PMID: 30747109
- Formoterol counteracts the inhibitory effect of cigarette smoke on glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) transactivation in human bronchial smooth muscle cells. | Marchini, G., et al. 2019. Eur J Pharmacol. 850: 8-14. PMID: 30753866
- Enantioselective disposition of (R,R)-formoterol, (S,S)-formoterol and their respective glucuronides in urine following single inhaled dosing and application to doping control. | Jacobson, GA., et al. 2019. Drug Test Anal. 11: 950-956. PMID: 30865387
- A Post Hoc Holter ECG Analysis of Olodaterol and Formoterol in Moderate-to-Very-Severe COPD. | Andreas, S., et al. 2020. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 15: 1955-1965. PMID: 32848381
- Regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and energetics in the diabetic renal proximal tubule by the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol. | Cleveland, KH., et al. 2020. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 319: F773-F779. PMID: 32954853
- Transcriptome-Level Interactions between Budesonide and Formoterol Provide Insight into the Mechanism of Action of Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting β 2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Asthma. | Mostafa, MM., et al. 2021. Mol Pharmacol. 99: 197-216. PMID: 33376135
- Formoterol PLGA-PEG Nanoparticles Induce Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Renal Proximal Tubules. | Vallorz, EL., et al. 2021. AAPS J. 23: 88. PMID: 34169439
- Budesonide/formoterol versus salmeterol/fluticasone for asthma in children: an effectiveness and safety analysis. | Jiang, P., et al. 2021. J Comp Eff Res. 10: 1283-1289. PMID: 34668718
- How the cost-effectiveness results change in the China health policy environment: an economic evaluation of glycopyrrolate/formoterol for the treatment of COPD. | Wang, L., et al. 2022. J Med Econ. 25: 356-366. PMID: 35184671
- The β2-adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol restores mitochondrial homeostasis in glucose-induced renal proximal tubule injury through separate integrated pathways. | Cleveland, KH. and Schnellmann, RG. 2023. Biochem Pharmacol. 209: 115436. PMID: 36720358
- Combinatory in vitro effects of the β2-agonists salbutamol and formoterol in skeletal muscle cells. | Piribauer, M., et al. 2023. Toxicol Lett. 378: 10-18. PMID: 36822333
Ordering Information
| Product Name | Catalog # | UNIT | Price | Qty | FAVORITES | |
Formoterol, 100 mg | sc-337847 | 100 mg | $571.00 |