Dihydroethidium (CAS 104821-25-2)

Dihydroethidium is a chemical compound that has garnered significant attention in scientific research due to its unique properties and diverse applications. Primarily used as a fluorescent probe, dihydroethidium is widely employed in studying oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cellular systems. Its mechanism of action revolves around its ability to undergo oxidation by ROS, leading to the formation of a highly fluorescent compound known as ethidium. This fluorescence enables researchers to visualize and quantify the levels of ROS in various biological samples, ranging from cultured cells to tissue sections. In research settings, dihydroethidium has been extensively utilized to explain the involvement of ROS in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes. Its application spans diverse fields such as cancer biology, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. By measuring the intensity of ethidium fluorescence, scientists can gain insights into the role of ROS in these conditions and investigate potential strategies targeting oxidative stress. Furthermore, dihydroethidium′s versatility extends beyond fluorescence-based studies. It has also been employed as a redox-sensitive marker in electrochemical assays, where changes in its oxidation state can be detected and quantified. This aspect has facilitated the development of sensitive analytical techniques for monitoring ROS levels in real-time, providing valuable information about redox signaling and oxidative stress dynamics.