D-myo-Inositol-4,5-diphosphate sodium salt

D-myo-Inositol-4,5-diphosphate, sodium salt, is a significant intermediary in the phosphoinositide signaling cascade, containing two phosphate groups at the 4 and 5 positions of the myo-inositol ring. This compound is crucial for understanding signal transduction mechanisms, particularly in the context of inositol phosphate-mediated pathways. It is often investigated as a precursor in the biosynthesis of more complex inositol phosphates, such as inositol triphosphates and tetrakisphosphates, which play pivotal roles in calcium signaling. In research, D-myo-Inositol-4,5-diphosphate is utilized to study the complex regulatory mechanisms governing intracellular calcium mobilization. By acting as a substrate or intermediate in specific enzyme-catalyzed reactions, it has enabled researchers to dissect how kinases and phosphatases regulate the phosphorylation state of inositol phosphates, thus impacting cellular responses to stimuli. The compound also helps in characterizing enzyme specificity, offering insights into how particular inositol phosphates are synthesized and degraded. Further investigations have revealed the diphosphate′s involvement in modulating protein interactions, linking it to processes like membrane trafficking, vesicle fusion, and cytoskeletal dynamics. It has also provided researchers with a tool for studying crosstalk between different signaling pathways, shedding light on how inositol phosphate signaling intersects with other cellular networks, particularly those involved in cell growth, division, and metabolic regulation.