Cyclosporin C (CAS 59787-61-0)

Cyclosporin C, identified by the CAS number 59787-61-0, is a cyclic polypeptide that consists of 11 amino acids, similar in structure to its more commonly known analog, cyclosporin A. This compound is derived from the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum and is part of a family of cyclosporins known for their potent biological activities. Cyclosporin C functions primarily through a mechanism involving the inhibition of calcineurin, a critical phosphatase enzyme in the signaling pathways of numerous cells. By binding to the cytosolic protein cyclophilin, cyclosporin C forms a complex that can then interact with and inhibit calcineurin. This inhibition disrupts the translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), a transcription factor essential for the activation of certain genes in cells. In the realm of research, cyclosporin C has been employed in studies focused on understanding immune response mechanisms, particularly those related to the activation and regulation of T-cells. It has also been useful in investigations into the pathways involved in inflammatory responses and certain autoimmune conditions. Additionally, the distinctive impact of cyclosporin C on calcineurin has made it a valuable tool in cellular and molecular biology research, aiding in the exploration of intracellular signaling pathways and gene expression regulation mechanisms. This research contributes significantly to the broader understanding of cellular communication and the potential modulation of these pathways in various biological contexts.