Crystal Violet (CAS 548-62-9)

Crystal Violet, bearing the CAS number 548-62-9, is a triphenylmethane dye well-regarded in scientific research for its application in staining procedures, particularly in microbiology and histopathology. This chemical operates primarily through its interaction with cellular components, where it binds to negatively charged molecules, including nucleic acids and cell wall components, which is pivotal in differentiating cells in complex tissues or microbial cultures. In microbiology, Crystal Violet is famously used in Gram staining, a critical diagnostic method that exploits the dye′s affinity for peptidoglycan. In Gram-positive bacteria, the thick peptidoglycan layer retains the Crystal Violet stain even after a decolorization step, rendering these cells purple under microscopic examination, whereas Gram-negative bacteria, with their thinner peptidoglycan layer, do not retain the dye after decolorization. This differential staining allows for the classification of bacteria into two major groups, facilitating further analysis and identification. Additionally, in histopathology, Crystal Violet has been utilized in staining protocols to visualize cell nuclei and other structures within tissue sections, assisting in the detailed examination of tissue morphology and pathology. Beyond biological staining, this chemical has also been used in research methodologies to develop novel adsorbents for environmental cleanup, particularly for the removal of dyes and other contaminants from wastewater, showcasing its versatility across various scientific fields.