Chlorhexidine (CAS 55-56-1)

Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic and disinfectant renowned for its effectiveness across a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Its primary mechanism involves disrupting microbial cell membranes; it binds to the negatively charged components of the cell wall, increasing membrane permeability, leading to the leakage of essential intracellular contents, and ultimately causing cell death. This action is particularly potent against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In non-clinical research environments, chlorhexidine is extensively utilized for studying infection control mechanisms, biofilm formation and eradication, and the development of antimicrobial coatings for various surfaces. It serves as a vital tool in microbiological studies aimed at understanding and preventing microbial colonization and infection on surfaces, thereby enhancing sanitary practices and infection control strategies in settings ranging from food production to material science, where maintaining sterility is crucial.