Atazanavir (CAS 198904-31-3)

Atazanavir is a highly potent inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease, surpassing the efficacy of currently approved inhibitors. It effectively inhibits the proteolytic cleavage of the viral gag precursor p55 polyprotein in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of approximately 47 nM. Notably, Atazanavir demonstrates high selectivity for HIV-1 protease and exhibits cytotoxicity only at concentrations significantly higher than those required for its anti-HIV activity. With its promising profile, Atazanavir holds potential for utilization in diverse drug combinations as an effective HIV-1 inhibitor. The mechanism of action of Atazanavir involves inhibiting the HIV-1 protease enzyme, responsible for protein cleavage required for viral replication. By hindering this protease enzyme, Atazanavir effectively disrupts viral replication, leading to reduced viral load. Extensive research has demonstrated Atazanavir′s ability to inhibit the replication of both HIV-1 and HIV-2 in cell culture systems. Moreover, it has shown efficacy in decreasing viral load and increasing CD4+ T-cell counts. Notably, Atazanavir has also exhibited the capacity to reduce levels of specific inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6.