Amrubicin-13C3

Amrubicin-13C3 is a molecularly labeled variant of amrubicin, where three of its carbon atoms are replaced with carbon-13, a stable and non-radioactive isotope. This particular labeling is highly valuable in the field of research, especially for studies involving carbon tracking and metabolic flux analysis. The integration of carbon-13 enables researchers to use techniques like isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to follow the incorporation and distribution of amrubicin within biological systems at a molecular level. The presence of carbon-13 isotopes allows for a precise and detailed study of the compound′s behavior in various experimental settings without altering its chemical properties. Amrubicin-13C3 has been extensively used in chemical and biochemical research to map out the detailed pathways of its metabolism and to understand its interactions within cells. This can include studying how it is processed by different enzymes, how it travels through cellular compartments, or how it is eventually excreted or stored within tissues. Additionally, this isotopically labeled version aids in the study of its environmental fate, including how it degrades under various conditions, thus providing insights into its stability and longevity outside of a controlled environment.