α-Endorphin (CAS 59004-96-5)

α-Endorphin, a peptide consisting of 16 amino acids, is part of the endorphin family, naturally produced by the pituitary gland and central nervous system. It functions similarly to opioids by binding to opioid receptors such as mu, delta, and kappa, which are distributed widely across the nervous system. This interaction initiates a series of biochemical events that modulate neural activity and neurotransmitter release. Specifically, α-Endorphin activates inhibitory G-proteins that reduce cAMP levels, close calcium channels, and open potassium channels, resulting in decreased neurotransmitter release, influencing pain perception and emotional states. Used prominently in research, α-Endorphin helps scientists explore the endogenous opioid system′s role in managing pain, stress, and reward pathways. Through such studies, it provides insights into the complex neurochemical and physiological responses associated with opioid receptor activity, aiding in the understanding of how natural pain control mechanisms function and how they can be influenced by various physiological and environmental factors. This research is crucial for advancing knowledge in neurobiology and endocrinology, shedding light on the body′s innate systems for maintaining homeostasis and managing psychological and physical stress without invoking therapeutic or drug-related contexts.