Alizarin Red S (CAS 130-22-3)

Alizarin Red S, identified by the CAS number 130-22-3, is an anthraquinone dye known for its deep red color and extensive utility in biological and geological research applications, distinct from any medical or pharmaceutical uses. This chemical primarily functions through chelation, a process where it forms complexes with divalent metal ions, notably calcium. Such a mechanism is crucial in its popular use in the staining of calcified structures, making it invaluable in both histological and archaeological studies to detect and visualize calcium deposits in tissues or other samples. In research contexts, Alizarin Red S is employed to stain mineralized tissues red, which is particularly useful in studies of bone growth, bone healing, and the development of bone-related pathologies. This application extends to the field of paleontology where it is used to identify and highlight calcified elements in fossil specimens. The dye′s ability to bind calcium ions and form complexes that exhibit a marked red color under microscopic analysis also makes it a tool in the study of biomineralization processes. This has further implications in understanding geological formations where calcium presence is significant, thereby bridging disciplines by its versatile staining applications that enhance the visualization of calcium-rich structures in varied scientific inquiries.