21-Hydroxyoligomycin A (CAS 102042-09-1)

21-Hydroxyoligomycin A is a derivative of oligomycin A, a macrolide antibiotic known for its role as a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP synthase (complex V). This compound, like its parent molecule, primarily functions by binding to the OSCP (oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein) subunit of the ATP synthase, effectively blocking the proton channel and inhibiting the synthesis of ATP. The unique aspect of 21-Hydroxyoligomycin A is the addition of a hydroxyl group, which may modify its binding efficiency or specificity compared to oligomycin A. In research, 21-Hydroxyoligomycin A has been utilized to study mitochondrial bioenergetics and the regulation of cellular energy production. By inhibiting ATP synthase, researchers can probe the importance of mitochondrial-generated ATP in various cellular processes and pathological states, such as ischemia or metabolic disorders. Additionally, this compound aids in understanding the structural and functional dynamics of ATP synthase in mitochondria. Studies using 21-Hydroxyoligomycin A help explain how modifications in the oligomycin molecule affect its interaction with ATP synthase and the resulting biological outcomes, providing insights that are critical for developing potential modulators of mitochondrial function. Through such applications, this compound contributes to a deeper understanding of cellular energy management and mitochondrial physiology.