2-Methyl-1-propanol (CAS 78-83-1)

2-Methyl-1-propanol, commonly known as isobutanol, is an organic compound with the formula C4H10O. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic alcohol odor, which places it in the family of alcohols where it is distinguished by the presence of a hydroxyl group attached to a tertiary carbon atom. This structural nuance imparts unique chemical properties, such as increased resistance to oxidation compared to primary alcohols, which makes isobutanol particularly interesting in chemical synthesis and industrial applications. In research, 2-methyl-1-propanol is utilized extensively as a solvent due to its moderate polarity, which allows it to dissolve both polar and non-polar compounds. This makes it valuable in the formulation of coatings, paints, inks, and other industrial fluids. Additionally, its solvent properties are exploited in the pharmaceutical field for the extraction and purification of active ingredients. In the realm of analytical chemistry, isobutanol is used in chromatographic techniques, such as gas chromatography, where it serves as a solvent or stationary phase modifier to improve the separation of substances. Moreover, its presence in esterification reactions, where it reacts with acids to form esters, is crucial for synthesizing various organic compounds, including flavors and fragrances. The compound′s robust profile makes it an essential tool across multiple domains of chemical research and industrial chemistry, often favored for its effectiveness under conditions where less stable alcohols might degrade.