cytochrome c Antibody (2G8): sc-65396

cytochrome c Antibody (2G8) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody that targets human cytochrome c, also known as CYCS or somatic cytochrome c. Cytochrome c is a small heme protein located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, playing a critical role in the electron transport chain by transferring electrons between Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex) and Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) during oxidative phosphorylation. The structure consists of a polypeptide chain covalently attached to a heme group, which is essential for electron-carrying function in energy production. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and the covalent attachment of the heme group via thioether bonds to cysteine residues, are crucial for cytochrome c′s activity and regulation; these modifications can influence electron transport and apoptotic pathways. In addition to energy metabolism roles, cytochrome c participates in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis; when released into the cytosol from mitochondria, cytochrome c interacts with apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) to form the apoptosome, leading to activation of caspase-9 and downstream effector caspases like caspase-3. Understanding post-translational modifications of cytochrome c is important because these changes can affect function in both energy production and programmed cell death, with implications for diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Anti-cytochrome c antibody (2G8) is suitable for applications including western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and immunofluorescence (IF), providing a valuable tool for researchers studying mitochondrial function, apoptosis mechanisms, and related cellular processes.

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cytochrome c Antibody (2G8) References:

1. Crystal structure of a complex between electron transfer partners, cytochrome c peroxidase and cytochrome c.  |  Pelletier, H. and Kraut, J. 1992. Science. 258: 1748-55. PMID: 1334573
2. Interaction of cytochrome c with cytochrome c oxidase studied by monoclonal antibodies and a protein modifying reagent.  |  Taha, TS. and Ferguson-Miller, S. 1992. Biochemistry. 31: 9090-7. PMID: 1382585
3. Nuclear translocation of cytochrome c during apoptosis.  |  Nur-E-Kamal, A., et al. 2004. J Biol Chem. 279: 24911-4. PMID: 15073175
4. Comparing substrate specificity between cytochrome c maturation and cytochrome c heme lyase systems for cytochrome c biogenesis.  |  Kleingardner, JG. and Bren, KL. 2011. Metallomics. 3: 396-403. PMID: 21380436
5. Radical formation in cytochrome c oxidase.  |  Yu, MA., et al. 2011. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1807: 1295-304. PMID: 21718686
6. Complex-formation between cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase. Equilibrium and titration studies.  |  Mochan, E. and Nicholls, P. 1971. Biochem J. 121: 69-82. PMID: 5116561
7. Interactions of cytochrome c with mitochondrial membranes. Binding to succinate-cytochrome c reductase.  |  Erecińska, M., et al. 1980. J Biol Chem. 255: 9653-8. PMID: 6253450
8. Reduction and activity of cytochrome c in the cytochrome c-cytochrome aa3 complex.  |  Hill, BC. and Nicholls, P. 1980. Biochem J. 187: 809-18. PMID: 6331386
9. Intracomplex electron transfer between ruthenium-cytochrome c derivatives and cytochrome c oxidase.  |  Pan, LP., et al. 1993. Biochemistry. 32: 8492-8. PMID: 8395206
10. Injected cytochrome c induces apoptosis.  |  Zhivotovsky, B., et al. 1998. Nature. 391: 449-50. PMID: 9461210

The preferred cytochrome c antibody is cytochrome c Antibody (A-8): sc-13156.