GAD-65 Antibody (61/8F9) is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody that detects glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65) in mouse, rat, and human samples through applications such as western blotting (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and immunofluorescence (IF). GAD-65 plays a crucial role in the central nervous system as GAD-65 catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamic acid to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. This process is vital for maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition in neuronal signaling, which is essential for proper brain function and preventing neurological disorders. Notably, GAD-65 is localized to synaptic vesicle membranes in nerve terminals, allowing for rapid GABA production in response to increased neuronal activity. In contrast, GAD-67, which is distributed throughout the cell, maintains basal GABA levels. The interplay between these two isoforms is critical; while the loss of GAD-65 can disrupt neurotransmission, the absence of GAD-67 is lethal, highlighting the importance of both proteins in neurophysiology. Anti-GAD-65 antibody (61/8F9) is an invaluable tool for researchers studying GABAergic signaling and its implications in various neurological conditions.
For Research Use Only. Not Intended for Diagnostic or Therapeutic Use.
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GAD-65 Antibody (61/8F9) References:
- Differential expression of GAD(65) and GAD(67) during the development of the rat retina. | Dkhissi, O., et al. 2001. Brain Res. 919: 242-9. PMID: 11701136
- Early induction of GAD(65)-reactive Th2 response in type 1 diabetic children treated with alum-formulated GAD(65). | Axelsson, S., et al. 2010. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 26: 559-68. PMID: 20830731
- Effect of simultaneous vaccination with H1N1 and GAD-alum on GAD65-induced immune response. | Tavira, B., et al. 2017. Diabetologia. 60: 1276-1283. PMID: 28357504
- Multiplex family with GAD65-Abs neurologic syndromes. | Belbezier, A., et al. 2018. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 5: e416. PMID: 29379821
- Neurologic syndromes related to anti-GAD65: Clinical and serologic response to treatment. | Muñoz-Lopetegi, A., et al. 2020. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 7: PMID: 32123047
- Clinical characteristics of GAD 65-associated autoimmune encephalitis. | Zhu, F., et al. 2020. Acta Neurol Scand. 142: 281-293. PMID: 32416610
- Impact of GAD65 and/or GAD67 deficiency on perinatal development in rats. | Jiang, W., et al. 2022. FASEB J. 36: e22123. PMID: 34972242
- Similarities between bacterial GAD and human GAD65: Implications in gut mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes. | Bedi, S., et al. 2022. PLoS One. 17: e0261103. PMID: 35196314
- Review and meta-analysis of neuropsychological findings in autoimmune limbic encephalitis with autoantibodies against LGI1, CASPR2, and GAD65 and their response to immunotherapy. | Mueller, C., et al. 2023. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 224: 107559. PMID: 36549220
- Meningoencephalitis associated with GAD65 autoimmunity. | Kuang, Z., et al. 2023. Front Immunol. 14: 1120894. PMID: 36969186