U2AF1L3 Activators
U2AF1L3 function by modulating the cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger with a key role in signal transduction. Forskolin is known to directly increase cAMP levels within cells by activating adenylate cyclase. The elevation of cAMP facilitates the activation of protein kinase A (PKA), which in turn is capable of phosphorylating and activating serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, including U2AF1L3. Similarly, Epigallocatechin gallate has the capacity to inhibit phosphodiesterases, leading to an increase in cAMP. This sequence of events also culminates in the phosphorylation of U2AF1L3 by PKA. Another compound, Dibutyryl-cAMP, a cAMP analog, permeates cellular membranes and directly activates PKA without the need for upstream cAMP generation, prompting a similar phosphorylation and activation of U2AF1L3.
Isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, elevates intracellular cAMP levels, thus instigating a cascade that results in PKA-mediated phosphorylation of U2AF1L3. Rolipram and Anagrelide, by selectively inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4 and phosphodiesterase III, respectively, prevent the breakdown of cAMP, thereby sustaining PKA activation and subsequent U2AF1L3 phosphorylation. Prostaglandins E1 (PGE1) and E2 (PGE2) activate adenylate cyclase, which catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP, again leading to PKA activation and phosphorylation of U2AF1L3. IBMX, a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, raises cAMP levels, resulting in PKA activation and U2AF1L3 phosphorylation. Lastly, Luteolin, Vinpocetine, and Zaprinast, all phosphodiesterase inhibitors, increase cAMP levels, which in turn activate PKA, and this activation leads to the phosphorylation of U2AF1L3. Through these mechanisms, these diverse chemicals can lead to the activation of U2AF1L3 via phosphorylation by PKA.
SEE ALSO...
| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $43.00 $73.00 $126.00 $243.00 $530.00 $1259.00 | 11 | |
Epigallocatechin gallate, found in green tea, inhibits phosphodiesterases, leading to an increase in cAMP levels. This, in turn, activates PKA which may phosphorylate and activate splicing factors like U2AF1L3. | ||||||
IBMX | 28822-58-4 | sc-201188 sc-201188B sc-201188A | 200 mg 500 mg 1 g | $260.00 $350.00 $500.00 | 34 | |
Isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) is a non-specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterases, which prevents the breakdown of cAMP, thus indirectly causing the activation of PKA. PKA can phosphorylate splicing factors, potentially including U2AF1L3, leading to their activation. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $99.00 $259.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that can activate stress-activated protein kinases like JNK. JNK has been known to phosphorylate certain splicing factors, which might result in the activation of proteins including U2AF1L3 as part of the cellular stress response. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $291.00 $530.00 $1800.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Inhibition of these phosphatases prevents the dephosphorylation of proteins, which could lead to the sustained activation of proteins such as U2AF1L3 that are regulated by phosphorylation. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A | 10 µg 100 µg | $163.00 $800.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A, like okadaic acid, is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. This inhibitor can indirectly lead to the phosphorylation and activation of splicing factors, including U2AF1L3, by preventing dephosphorylation. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $41.00 $132.00 $214.00 $500.00 $948.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates protein kinase C (PKC), which can phosphorylate a wide range of target proteins, potentially including splicing regulatory proteins like U2AF1L3, therefore activating them. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $47.00 $136.00 $492.00 $4552.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cAMP analog that can permeate cell membranes and activate PKA intracellularly. Once activated, PKA could phosphorylate and activate splicing factors such as U2AF1L3. | ||||||
Cantharidin | 56-25-7 | sc-201321 sc-201321A | 25 mg 100 mg | $89.00 $279.00 | 6 | |
Cantharidin is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. By preventing dephosphorylation, it could indirectly maintain the phosphorylation state and activation of splicing factors like U2AF1L3. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $153.00 $396.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a potent, non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, but at low concentrations, it can act more selectively to activate certain kinases. Activation of these kinases may lead to the phosphorylation and activation of proteins involved in RNA splicing, including U2AF1L3. | ||||||
Ro 31-8220 | 138489-18-6 | sc-200619 sc-200619A | 1 mg 5 mg | $92.00 $245.00 | 17 | |
Ro-31-8220 is a potent PKC inhibitor that can lead to the activation of alternative signaling pathways. This compensatory activation could lead to the phosphorylation and activation of proteins like U2AF1L3, as the cell adjusts to the inhibition of PKC. | ||||||