Canavanine sulfate (CAS 2219-31-0)

Canavanine sulfate, embodying the sulfate form of L-canavanine, emerges as a non-protein amino acid closely resembling L-arginine in structure, thereby introducing itself into the scientific discourse primarily through its ability to precisely mimic the structure of the native substrate for nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), also known as inducible NOS (iNOS). This structural mimicry facilitates L-canavanine′s role as a selective inhibitor of NOS2, enabling it to interfere with the enzyme′s natural function by occupying the active site typically reserved for L-arginine, thus hindering the enzyme′s ability to produce nitric oxide, a critical regulator in various biological processes. The specificity of this interaction garners significant interest within research circles, especially in studies aiming to understand the modulation of nitric oxide production and its extensive implications in cellular signaling, immune response regulation, and the intricate dynamics of nitric oxide-mediated pathways. Through its selective inhibition of NOS2, Canavanine sulfate presents useful for dissecting the complex roles of nitric oxide in biological systems, offering insights that extend far beyond its initial identification, towards broader applications in biochemical and physiological research.