stefin A2l1 Activators
stefin A2l1 can modulate the protein's function through multiple signaling pathways and mechanisms. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is one such activator, which engages protein kinase C (PKC). PKC, upon activation, is known to phosphorylate various substrate proteins, potentially including stefin A2l1, which would enhance its activity. Similarly, forskolin, by elevating intracellular cAMP levels, activates protein kinase A (PKA), another kinase that can phosphorylate stefin A2l1, thereby influencing its activity. Ionomycin, through its ability to increase intracellular calcium levels, can activate calcium-dependent kinases such as calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), which may also target stefin A2l1 for phosphorylation. The phosphorylation state of stefin A2l1 can also be preserved by calyculin A and okadaic acid, both of which are phosphatase inhibitors, preventing dephosphorylation and potentially maintaining stefin A2l1 in an active state.
dibutyryl-cAMP, a cAMP analog, can stimulate PKA, resulting in the phosphorylation of stefin A2l1. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), by activating its receptor, sets off a cascade of events leading to MAPK/ERK pathway activation, which could target stefin A2l1 for activation via phosphorylation. Thapsigargin contributes to the increase of cytosolic calcium levels, indirectly fostering the activation of stefin A2l1 through calcium-dependent kinases. Staurosporine, while generally an inhibitor of protein kinases, can under certain conditions activate PKC, thereby potentially targeting stefin A2l1 for phosphorylation. Anisomycin acts as a stress-activated protein kinase activator, such as JNK, which can phosphorylate stefin A2l1. Additionally, tetrabromocinnamic acid, by activating the ERK pathway, could lead to phosphorylation of stefin A2l1, and cantharidin, by inhibiting phosphatases, could effectively maintain stefin A2l1 in a phosphorylated state. Bryostatin 1, through its modulation of PKC, and sphingosine, by activating PKC, can lead to the phosphorylation of stefin A2l1. Lastly, hydrogen peroxide can induce oxidative modifications on proteins, which may alter the functional state of stefin A2l1.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates Protein Kinase C (PKC), which may lead to the phosphorylation of stefin A2l1, resulting in its functional activation as PKC-mediated phosphorylation can change the activity state of its substrate proteins. | ||||||
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin activates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in cAMP levels. Elevated cAMP activates PKA, which could phosphorylate stefin A2l1, potentially enhancing its function if stefin A2l1 is a substrate for PKA. | ||||||
Ionomycin, free acid | 56092-81-0 | sc-263405 sc-263405A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $259.00 | 2 | |
Ionomycin increases intracellular calcium levels, which can activate calcium-dependent proteins including calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), which in turn might phosphorylate and thereby activate stefin A2l1 if it is a CaMK substrate. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000B sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $1400.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is a serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor which could prevent dephosphorylation of stefin A2l1, thus maintaining it in a phosphorylated, active state if its activity is regulated by phosphorylation. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is another phosphatase inhibitor that can lead to an increase in the phosphorylation state of proteins. This could maintain stefin A2l1 in an active state by preventing its dephosphorylation if it is regulated by phosphorylation. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
Dibutyryl-cAMP is a cAMP analog that activates PKA. PKA activation could lead to the phosphorylation of stefin A2l1, thereby functionally activating it if stefin A2l1 is a PKA substrate. | ||||||
Thapsigargin | 67526-95-8 | sc-24017 sc-24017A | 1 mg 5 mg | $94.00 $349.00 | 114 | |
Thapsigargin disrupts calcium homeostasis by inhibiting the ER calciumIt appears that there is an issue with the table; the Thapsigargin entry is incomplete. I will continue the table from that point: | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $150.00 $388.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a potent inhibitor of protein kinases, but at low concentrations, it can paradoxically act as an activator of PKC, which might phosphorylate and thereby activate stefin A2l1 if it is within the PKC substrate scope. | ||||||
Anisomycin | 22862-76-6 | sc-3524 sc-3524A | 5 mg 50 mg | $97.00 $254.00 | 36 | |
Anisomycin is a protein synthesis inhibitor that can activate stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) such as JNK. Activation of JNK might lead to phosphorylation and functional activation of stefin A2l1 if JNK can phosphorylate stefin A2l1. | ||||||
Cantharidin | 56-25-7 | sc-201321 sc-201321A | 25 mg 100 mg | $81.00 $260.00 | 6 | |
Cantharidin inhibits serine/threonine phosphatases, which can result in an increased phosphorylation state of proteins, potentially keeping stefin A2l1 in an active state if its activity is regulated by phosphorylation. | ||||||