Speedy E3 Activators
Speedy E3 Activators are a collection of chemical compounds that amplify the functional activity of Speedy E3 via distinct signaling cascades and molecular mechanisms. Forskolin, for example, by increasing intracellular cAMP levels, indirectly potentiates the activity of Speedy E3 by activating PKA, which has the potential to phosphorylate Speedy E3, thus promoting its activation. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Dibutyryl-cAMP operate through PKC and PKA pathways, respectively, leading to the phosphorylation and subsequent enhancement of Speedy E3's functional state. Ionomycin, by raising intracellular calcium, triggers calcium-dependent processes to activate Speedy E3 through CaMK signaling. Conversely, Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and LY294002 exploit kinase inhibition to lift suppressive signaling, indirectly facilitating Speedy E3's role in cellular processesby shifting the signaling equilibrium towards pathways that favor Speedy E3's activity.
Continuing on the theme of modulation of kinase activity as a means to activate Speedy E3, Staurosporine, although a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, may paradoxically lead to the selective activation of Speedy E3 pathways by inhibiting kinases that negatively regulate Speedy E3 activity. Similarly, Okadaic Acid and Calyculin A, both protein phosphatase inhibitors, enhance the phosphorylation state of proteins, thus potentially upholding Speedy E3 in an activated state due to decreased dephosphorylation. The beta-adrenergic agonist Isoproterenol also raises cAMP levels, further stimulating PKA and enhancing the phosphorylation and activity of Speedy E3. The use of stable cAMP analogs like 8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) provides a direct route to PKA activation, which is pivotal for Speedy E3 activation. Lastly, Anisomycin introduces a stress response element by activating SAPK pathways, which may include the activation of Speedy E3 as part of the cellular response to stress. Collectively, these chemical activators employ a variety of biochemical mechanisms to ensure an enhanced functional state of Speedy E3, emphasizing the intricate web of intracellular signaling pathways that converge on the regulation of this singular protein's activity.
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| Product Name | CAS # | Catalog # | QUANTITY | Price | Citations | RATING |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forskolin | 66575-29-9 | sc-3562 sc-3562A sc-3562B sc-3562C sc-3562D | 5 mg 50 mg 1 g 2 g 5 g | $76.00 $150.00 $725.00 $1385.00 $2050.00 | 73 | |
Forskolin is an adenylyl cyclase activator which increases the levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in cells. Elevated cAMP levels can lead to the activation of protein kinase A (PKA), which in turn may phosphorylate Speedy E3, thus enhancing its activity. | ||||||
PMA | 16561-29-8 | sc-3576 sc-3576A sc-3576B sc-3576C sc-3576D | 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg 100 mg | $40.00 $129.00 $210.00 $490.00 $929.00 | 119 | |
PMA is a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC) which can phosphorylate a wide range of target proteins. PKC-mediated phosphorylation can enhance the activity of Speedy E3 through downstream signaling events. | ||||||
Dibutyryl-cAMP | 16980-89-5 | sc-201567 sc-201567A sc-201567B sc-201567C | 20 mg 100 mg 500 mg 10 g | $45.00 $130.00 $480.00 $4450.00 | 74 | |
As a cell-permeable cAMP analog, Dibutyryl-cAMP can mimic the action of endogenous cAMP and activate PKA. Activation of PKA may result in the phosphorylation and subsequent activation of Speedy E3. | ||||||
Ionomycin | 56092-82-1 | sc-3592 sc-3592A | 1 mg 5 mg | $76.00 $265.00 | 80 | |
Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore which increases intracellular calcium levels. Elevated calcium can activate calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK), potentially leading to the activation of Speedy E3 through CaMK-mediated signaling pathways. | ||||||
(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate | 989-51-5 | sc-200802 sc-200802A sc-200802B sc-200802C sc-200802D sc-200802E | 10 mg 50 mg 100 mg 500 mg 1 g 10 g | $42.00 $72.00 $124.00 $238.00 $520.00 $1234.00 | 11 | |
EGCG is known to inhibit a variety of protein kinases. Inhibition of certain kinases may relieve their inhibitory effects on Speedy E3, leading to an enhancement of Speedy E3 activity by a reduction in competitive signaling. | ||||||
LY 294002 | 154447-36-6 | sc-201426 sc-201426A | 5 mg 25 mg | $121.00 $392.00 | 148 | |
LY294002 is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor. By inhibiting PI3K, LY294002 may enhance the activity of Speedy E3 by shifting the balance of cellular signaling towards pathways where Speedy E3 is active. | ||||||
Okadaic Acid | 78111-17-8 | sc-3513 sc-3513A sc-3513B | 25 µg 100 µg 1 mg | $285.00 $520.00 $1300.00 | 78 | |
Okadaic Acid is a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, which may lead to increased phosphorylation levels of proteins. This could indirectly result in the enhanced activity of Speedy E3 due to reduced dephosphorylation. | ||||||
Staurosporine | 62996-74-1 | sc-3510 sc-3510A sc-3510B | 100 µg 1 mg 5 mg | $82.00 $150.00 $388.00 | 113 | |
Staurosporine is a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor, which can lead to the activation of Speedy E3 by selectively inhibiting kinases that negatively regulate Speedy E3 activity. | ||||||
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride | 51-30-9 | sc-202188 sc-202188A | 100 mg 500 mg | $27.00 $37.00 | 5 | |
As a beta-adrenergic agonist, Isoproterenol stimulates adenylyl cyclase and increases cAMP levels, leading to the activation of PKA. PKA in turn may phosphorylate and enhance Speedy E3 activity. | ||||||
Calyculin A | 101932-71-2 | sc-24000 sc-24000A sc-24000B sc-24000C | 10 µg 100 µg 500 µg 1 mg | $160.00 $750.00 $1400.00 $3000.00 | 59 | |
Calyculin A is an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, similar to Okadaic Acid. It can lead to the activation of Speedy E3 by preventing dephosphorylation, thereby maintaining Speedy E3 in an active phosphorylated state. | ||||||