Speedy C Activators

Speedy C Activators are a class of chemicals that enhance the functional activity of Speedy C via distinct pathways. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) activates PKC, leading to the phosphorylation of Speedy C and enhancing its activity. Forskolin, IBMX, Epinephrine, Prostaglandin E2, Isoproterenol, Dibutyryl-cAMP, and Rolipram all work by activating adenylyl cyclase, leading to an increase in cAMP levels. The elevated cAMP activates PKA, which can phosphorylate and activate Speedy C.

Okadaic Acid and Calyculin A inhibit protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A, maintaining the phosphorylation state of Speedy C, thus enhancing its activity. Staurosporine at low concentrations preferentially inhibits protein phosphatases, enhancing the phosphorylation and activity of Speedy C. H-89, at higher concentrations inhibits other kinases, leading to a net increase in the phosphorylation and activity of Speedy C.